我国雷暴的日变化特征  

The Diurnal Variation of Thunder Events in China

作　　者：郑淋淋[1,2] 孙建华[1] 卫捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《暴雨灾害》2011年第2期137-144,共8页Torrential Rain and Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41075032);中国气象局公益类行业专项(GYHY200906004)

摘　　要：利用地面1980—2008年(缺2000年)517个常规气象站的观测资料分析了近30年来我国雷暴的日变化特征及其可能的原因。分析表明:雷暴主要发生在午后至傍晚。雷暴的日变化与地形有密切的关系:平原多峰型,山区单峰型,四川盆地夜间高发型,两广沿海地区白天多发。并利用风向的日变化解释了四川盆地地区和两广沿海地区雷暴的日变化特征。雷暴在各个季节的日变化也不同,华北平原和江淮平原地区、四川盆地地区夏季06—12 UTC雷暴发生的比例明显增多;广东、广西沿海和海南地区、东南部山区夏季和秋季雷暴白天发生的比例比春季多。The diurnal variation of thunder events and its possible mechanisms in the recent 30 years in China are investigated using the data from 517 weather stations in China over the period from 1980 to 2008（a lack of data in 2000）.The results show that thunder events peak from the late afternoon to the evening.The diurnal variation of thunder events is influenced by topography and has the following types： two or more peaks in plain areas,a single peak in mountainous areas,a nocturnal peak in Sichuan basin areas,and a daytime peak in the coastal areas of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.Furthermore,the diurnal variation of thunder events in the last two areas above is affected to some extent by the diurnal variation of wind field.The characteristics of diurnal variation of thunder events vary with seasons.The highest proportion of thunder occurrence occurs from 06UTC to 12UTC in summer in the North China Plain and Sichuan Basin.The proportion of daytime thunder occurrence is higher in summer and autumn than that in spring in the coastal areas of Guangdong and Guangxi and the mountainous areas in Southeast of China.

关 键 词：雷暴 日变化 日变化的季节变化 

分 类 号：P446[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]