铜绿假单胞菌的分离情况及耐药性分析  

Separation and drug resistance analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

作　　者：冯东霞[1] 董方[1] 宋文琪[1] 徐樨巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院检验中心,北京100045

出　　处：《新乡医学院学报》2011年第4期493-495,共3页Journal of Xinxiang Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解铜绿假单胞菌感染现状、分布特征及其耐药性,指导临床合理用药。方法回顾性分析北京儿童医院2007年1月至2009年12月临床分离出的1 195株铜绿假单胞菌的标本来源、感染科室分布及耐药情况。结果 1 195株铜绿假单胞菌中79.4%来自痰及咽拭子,9.5%来自尿液,3.6%来自血液;病区分布中呼吸内科占46.7%,重症监护病房占20.8%,外科占7.9%。3 a间铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星、庆大霉素、哌拉西林和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的耐药率变化差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南和头孢他啶的耐药率呈逐年上升趋势,铜绿假单胞菌对美洛培南及替卡西林/克拉维酸的耐药率呈逐年下降趋势,但差别均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌多来自于痰及咽拭子标本和呼吸内科。及时准确地细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验能尽早发现铜绿假单胞菌的院内感染情况,为临床治疗提供重要的实验室依据。Objective To investigate the present consent condition of infection,feature of distribution and resistance of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and to guide our rational drug administration in clinical practice.Methods One thousand one hundred and ninety-five plants of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from January 2007 to December 2009.A statistic analysis for the specimen source,departments with infection and drug resistance condition were analyzed by retrospective method.Results One thousand one hundred and ninety-five plants of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in total.79.4% came from sputum and throat mucus,9.5% came from urine,and 3.6% came from blood.46.7% came from respiratory medicine,20.8% came from intensive care unit,and 7.9% came from surgical in the distribution of lesion.There were statistically significant in the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin,gentamicin,piperacillin and piperacillin / tazobactam among three years（P0.05）.Resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem and ceftazidime were increasing trend year by year,and the resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to meropenem and ticarcillin / clavulanic acid were a declining trend year by year,but there was no statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion Clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa come from the sputum and throat mucus and respiratory department mainly.Timely identifying bacteria and perfoming drug sensitivity tests may help find out nosocomial infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and thus provide important laboratory evidence for clinical treatment.

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378.99[医药卫生—病原生物学]