辛亥革命前十年间中国现代革命观念的形成  

The Formation of Modern Chinese Revolutionary Ideas during the Decade before the 1911 Revolution

作　　者：李维武[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《学术界》2011年第7期5-29,247-254,共25页Academics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目"儒学形态与功能的近百年变化与未来展望"(09&ZD069);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"19-20世纪中国哲学由传统形态向现代形态的转变"(05JJDZH243)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：辛亥革命前十年间,中国人的革命观念实现了由古代形态向现代形态的转换,从而为辛亥革命的爆发和清王朝的覆灭奠定了思想基础。在中国现代革命观念形成中,既承继了中国古代革命观念的有生命力有影响力的内容,又引入了西方近代革命观念、马克思主义革命理论和无政府主义革命理论,更有中国革命派思想家综合中西古今思想资源所进行的融贯与创新,如邹容初步提出的中国民主革命纲领、孙中山确立的三民主义、陈天华主张的"国民革命"与"英雄革命"相区分、朱执信主张的"社会革命"与"政治革命"相并行,其中不仅包含了反清的内容,也不仅包含了反对封建君主专制制度的内容,还包含了反对资本主义剥削压迫的社会主义理想追求。During the decade before the 1911 Revolution,Chinese revolutionary ideas transformed from the ancient one to the modern one,which therefore laid an ideological foundation for the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution and the collapse of Qing Dynasty.Modern Chinese revolutionary ideas not only inherited the vitality and the influential elements of Ancient Chinese revolutionary ideas,but also absorbed Western modern revolutionary ideas,Marxian revolutionary ideas and revolutionary anarchic ideas.Some Chinese revolutionary thinkers,integrating Chinese revolutionary thoughts with Western ones,ancient with modern,brought forth the new ideas.For instance,Zou Rong put forward the program of Chinese democratic revolution;Sun Yat-sen established Three Principles of the People;Chen Tianhua made the distinction between National Revolution and Hero Revolution;Zhu Zhixin proposed the coexistence of social revolution and political revolution.These thoughts not only embodied anti-Manchuism ideas and ideas against absolute monarchy system,but also indicated the pursuit of socialism while fighting against capitalist exploitation and oppression.

关 键 词：辛亥革命 三民主义 汤武革命 民族革命 政治革命 国民革命 社会革命 邹容 孙中山 陈天华 朱执信 

分 类 号：K257[历史地理—历史学]