孕早期妊娠相关焦虑影响因素分析  

Influencing factors of pregnancy-related anxiety in first trimester of pregnancy

作　　者：章景丽[1,2] 郝加虎[1,2] 陶芳标[1,2] 王红[1,2] 朱鹏[1,2] 许韶君[1,2] 苏普玉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2011年第8期969-971,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAI05A03);国家自然科学基金(30901203)

摘　　要：目的了解孕妇孕早期妊娠相关焦虑发生情况,分析其影响因素。方法收集安徽省20 308名孕妇一般人口统计学特征和孕前半年及孕早期环境暴露因素,采用自编《妊娠相关焦虑量表》评价孕妇孕早期心理卫生状况。结果孕妇孕早期妊娠相关焦虑的发生率为23.2%(4 711/20 308),问卷总得分为(20.57±5.04)分,<25岁孕妇妊娠相关焦虑的发生率最高,为28.4%,高中学历孕妇发生率最高,为27.0%,农业户籍的发生率为24.9%,高于城市户籍;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,妊娠相关焦虑的主要危险因素有孕前半年吸烟(OR=1.89,95%CI=1.35～2.65)、饮酒(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.18～2.75),孕早期工作压力大(OR=2.26,95%CI=1.94～2.65),以及非意愿妊娠(OR=2.23,95%CI=2.08～2.60)。结论孕妇孕前半年及孕早期环境暴露因素会对孕妇心理造成不良影响,导致妊娠相关焦虑的发生。Objective To explore the influencing factors of pregnancy-related anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods We collected information on socio-demographic characteristics and environmental exposure among the pregnant women during 6 months of pre-pregnancy to the first trimester of pregnancy.The Pregnancy-related Anxiety Questionnaire was used to evaluate their mental health.Chi-square analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were performed to analyze the effect of socio-demographic and environmental factors on pregnancy-related anxiety.Results The rate of pregnancy-related anxiety was 23.2%（4 711/20 308） and the average score of the questionnaire was 20.57±5.04.Of the pregnant women younger than 25 years,28.4% had pregnancy-related anxiety.The pregnant women with the education of high school had the highest rate（27.0%）.The pregnant women with rural residence had a higher rate（24.9%） than those with ruban residence registered.The results of stepwise multinomial regression analyses showed that factors significantly associated with pregnancy-related anxiety were smoking 6 months before the pregnancy（odds ratio=1.89,95% confidence interval：1.35-2.65）,alcohol drinking 6 months before the pregnancy（OR=1.81,95%CI：1.18-2.75）,stress from work in early pregnacy（OR=2.26,95%CI：1.94-2.65）,and unplaned pregnacy（OR=2.23,95%CI：2.08-2.60）.Conclusion The factors of environmental exposure from 6 month before pregnancy to early pregnancy could have bad impact on the mental health and cause pregnancy-related anxiety in pregnant women.

关 键 词：妊娠 焦虑 心理健康 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]