干旱区绿洲农田防护林增产效益研究——以民勤绿洲为例  

Evaluation on shelterbelt's benefits on crop yields in arid oasis——A case of the Minqin Oasis

作　　者：宋翔[1] 庞国锦[2] 颜长珍[1] 韩致文[1] 孙宏义[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学,兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第7期178-182,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-YW-08-02-04)资助

摘　　要：通过对民勤绿洲巴丹吉林沙漠边缘25条农田防护林带的详细调查,研究农田防护林对林带生态环境要素影响和林下作物的生长状况。结果表明:1)农田防护林对林下作物叶面积有显著影响(P<0.05),主要集中在林下1倍树高范围内;2)农田防护林土壤含水量和土壤温度均有显著影响,随着与林带距离的增加,不同深度土壤含水量呈增加趋势(F=4.446,P=0.001),而土壤温度的变化随距林带的距离的增加而降低(F=32.430,P=0.000);3)农田防护林对作物产量的影响距离树高1/2倍处单位面积产量与对照组比较明显降低(P(0.05),与1倍、3倍树高处相比,也明显降低(P(0.05),在距离树高3倍处,农田产量达到最大值。与无防护林对照样地平均单位产量比较,农田防护林间距较大的农田平均单位产量与对照样地比较增产8.84%,但是农田防护林间距较小的农田出现减产现象,减产约7.49%;4)随着距离的增加两个高度防护林的防风效能均逐渐增大(F=482.749,P=0.000),距离地面100cm林带的防风效能明显高于距离地面200cm的防风效能(P(0.05)。We choose 25 shelterbelts on the edge of the Badain Jaran Desert Oasis Minqin and investigated detailed,and studied farmland shelterbelt＇s impact of forest eco-environment and crop growth conditions.The results showed that： 1） LAI of understory crops are effected significantly（P0.05）,mainly concentrated in the understory tree height range of 1 times;2） Farmland soil moisture and soil temperature are impacted significantly,as with the distance away from the belts increase,the soil moisture at different depths showed increasing trend（F = 4.446,P = 0.001）,while the soil temperature decrease with distance increase from the forest（F = 32.430,P = 0.000）;3） from the distance of 1/2 tree height times the yield per unit area decreased significantly compared with the control group（P 0.05）,but also significantly reduce（P 0.05） compared to 1 or 3 times the tree height.At a distance of 3 times the tree height,the agricultural output reaches maximum.Shelterbelt with the same to the average unit of output compared to the larger spacing Shelterbelts average unit output of farmland for the same comparison with the 8.84 percent yield,but Shelterbelts spacing appears smaller farmland production situation,production of about 7.49%;4）With the increase in distance from both the wind and a high degree of protection forest are gradually increasing performance（F = 482.749,P = 0.000）,distance from the ground the wind belt 100cm performance was significantly higher than 200cm from the ground the wind performance（P 0.05）.

关 键 词：农田防护林 增产效益 民勤绿洲 

分 类 号：S727.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]