关中盆地浅层地下水氮污染的时空变化规律及其防治措施  

Temporal and spatial variation of "three nitrogen" on shallow groundwater in Guanzhong Basin and its control measures

作　　者：段磊[1] 王文科[1] 杨晓婷[1] 姜桂华[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第8期133-137,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40872163);国家重大水专项(2009ZX07012-002)资助

摘　　要：在研究区采集和测试了232个水样,采用单因子污染指数法对浅层地下水氮污染进行了评价,剖析了浅层地下水氮污染的时空变化规律。结果表明:浅层地下水中氮污染以硝态氮为主,呈面状分布;铵态氮和亚硝态氮污染以点状形式存在。渭河以北地区氮污染程度高于渭河以南地区;渭河北部的漆水河-洛河地段、渭河南部西安城区和户县-长安及华县的黄土台塬以及渭河中上游漫滩和低阶地为重污染区。近20多年来,农业区浅层地下水硝态氮污染程度显著增加,而城郊区浅层地下水硝态氮污染则呈波动下降趋势。在上述基础上,针对不同地区提出了地下水氮污染的防治措施。In order to investigate the temporal and spatial variation of ＂three nitrogen＂ on shallow groundwater in Guanzhong Basin,232 water samples were obtained and determined.Based on the method of one-factor pollution index,the pollution degree was analysized.The results showed that the nitrate content was significantly higher than the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite.The nitrogen presented the face-shaped pollution form in shallow groundwater,and the ammonium nitrogen and nitrite present point pollution form.The nitrogen pollution in north region of Weihe river was higher than nitrogen pollution in south region of Weihe river.The Qishui river-Luo river in north of Weihe river、loess plateau of Xi＇an city、Huxian County-Chang＇an and Huaxian County in south of Weihe river、flood plain and low bench in middle and up reach of Weihe river were the serious pollution regions.The nitrogen pollution of agricultural region in superficial groundwater was increasing remarkably in recent 20 years,but the nitrogen pollution was decreasing fluctuately in suburban superficial groundwater.At the same time,we put forward control measures on ＂three nitrogen＂ pollution of shallow groundwater according to different areas.

关 键 词：浅层地下水 ”三氮” 污染特征 时空变化 关中盆地 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]