长期施肥土壤钾有效性与腐殖质组分相关性研究  

The Effectiveness of Potassium and Its Correlation with Humus Fractions in Castano-cinnamon Soils under the Long-term Fertilization

作　　者：王振宙[1] 王改兰[1] 张亮[1] 聂斌[1] 段建南[1] 杨艳菊[1] 熊静[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期200-204,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(49971040);湖南农业大学人才引进基金项目(01YJ02)

摘　　要：为明确长期施用不同肥料对栗褐土钾有效性的影响,利用20 a的长期定位试验比较了8种施肥处理的土壤速效钾、缓效钾含量,并分析了二者与土壤腐殖质组分间的关系。结果表明:与不施肥相比,长期单施氮肥和氮磷配施土壤速效钾、缓效钾含量以及速效钾与缓效钾的比例、速效钾和缓效钾占全钾的比例均无显著差异;施用有机肥的5个处理(M、M1N、M1NP、M2N、M2NP)土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量极显著高于对照,速效钾与缓效钾的比例、速效钾和缓效钾占全钾的比例大幅度提高,施高量有机肥的2个处理(M2N、M2NP)效果更佳;土壤速效钾和缓效钾含量与腐殖质总量及其组分间均呈极显著的线性正相关。对于长期以来几乎不施钾肥的栗褐土来说,坚持施用有机肥是提高土壤供钾能力的有效途径。To clarify the effects of long-term application of fertilizers on the potassium availability in castano-cinnamon soils,the contents of readily and slowly available potassium were compared between the 8 treatments in the experiment of long-term fertilization after 20 years,and the relationship of the 2 contents of potassium with soil humus fractions were probed.The results showed that there were no significant differences in the contents of readily and slowly available potassium,in the ratio of readily to slowly available potassium,and in the ratio of readily or slowly available potassium to total potassium,compared between single application of nitrogen or combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus and no fertilizer in the long-term experiment.There were significantly higher than CK in the contents of readily and slowly available potassium and substantial increase in the ratio of readily to slowly available potassium and in the ratio of readily or slowly available potassium to total potassium,in 5 treatments of application with organic fertilizer（M,M1N,M1NP,M2N and M2NP）.The effects were better in the 2 high level organic fertilizer treatments（M2N and M2NP） than others（M,M1N and M1NP）.There were highly significant positive linear correlations between the contents of readily or slowly available potassium and the total content or fractions of humus.For the area of castano-cinnamon soils,where there is almost no potassium application for a long time,it is an effective way for increasing soil potassium supplying capacity to adhere to the application of organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：长期施肥 速效钾 缓效钾 腐殖质组分 相关分析 

分 类 号：S153.1[农业科学—土壤学] S622[农业科学—农业基础科学]