社区压力性尿失禁行为管理方案对中老年女性患者认知水平及症状的影响  

Effects of community-wide behavioral intervention for middle-aged or elderly women with stress urinary incontinence on their knowledge and severity of symptoms

作　　者：张玲华[1] 王君俏[1] 白姣姣[2] 陆敏敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学护理学院,上海200032 [2]复旦大学附属华东医院护理部,上海200032

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2011年第15期1-4,共4页

基　　金：复旦大学护理学院科研基金资助项目(FNSF200904)

摘　　要：目的探讨社区压力性尿失禁行为管理方案,对改善中老年女性患者压力性尿失禁相关认知水平和疾病严重度的有效性。方法将60例中老年女性压力性尿失禁患者随机分为干预组和对照组各30例。干预组实施为期3个月的以建立健康的生活方式、进行规律的盆底肌锻炼和自我监测为干预内容的社区压力性尿失禁行为管理方案,干预方式包括群体教育、发放《压力性尿失禁女性如何"减压"》手册、家庭访视和电话咨询;对照组不接受干预。于干预前、干预后第1、第3个月分别评价患者压力性尿失禁相关认知水平和疾病严重度。结果研究对象的压力性尿失禁疾病知识、日常生活管理知识、盆底肌锻炼知识及其总分存在明显的时间因素与组别因素的交互作用(P<0.01);干预后第1、第3个月干预组的知识总分及其各维度水平显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。两组基线、干预后第1个月尿失禁严重程度评分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后第3个月时干预组其评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论社区中老年女性人群对于压力性尿失禁的相关认知水平较低,盆底肌锻炼知识尤为缺乏,采用社区压力性尿失禁行为管理方案可有效提高其相关认知水平,缓解和控制尿失禁症状。Objective To explore the effects of community-wide behavioral intervention for middle-aged or elderly women with stress urinary incontinence（SUI） on their knowledge and severity of symptoms.Methods A total of 60 SUI women,45 years and older,were recruited into the study and commensurately randomized into an interventional group and a control group.The intervention group received 3-month long community-wide behavioral intervention.The contents of the intervention included adopting healthy lifestyles,conducting regular pelvic floor muscle exercises,and self-monitoring.The intervention was conducted through group discussion,issuing pamphlets on how to reduce stress,family visists,and offering telephone counseling.However,the control received no intervention.SUI knowledge questionnaire and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form（ICI-Q-SF） were used for repeated measurements before intervention,at 1 month and 3 months after intervention.Results The scores of SUI knowledge,daily life management knowledge and pelvic floor muscle exercises,and the total score between the 2 groups had significant interaction between time effect and group effect（P0.01）.At 1 month and 3 months after intervention,the total score of the knowledge level and the scores of the subdimensions in the interventional group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P0.01 for all）.The scores of ICI-Q-SF at 3 months after intervention in the interventional group were significantly higher than those in the control goup（P0.01）,yet no statistical differences were found between the two groups at 1 month and before the intervention（P0.05 for all）.Conclusion Currently,the community people have poor knowledge about SUI,and they especially lack the knowledge of pelvic floor muscle exercises.A community-wide behavioral intervention is effective in improving their knowledge level and lessening the severity of symptoms.

关 键 词：压力性尿失禁 女性 盆底肌锻炼 认知 社区干预 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]