页岩气勘探开发的发展与新技术探讨  

DEVELOPMENT AND DISCUSSION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY OF SHALE GAS EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION

作　　者：肖洲 邓虎 侯伟 张林 王林 

机构地区：[1]中国石油川庆钻探工程公司钻采工程技术研究院空气钻井公司

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2011年第4期18-20,2,共3页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"863重大项目"气体钻井技术与装备"(2006AA06A103)资助

摘　　要：调研了国内外页岩气开发现状,美国页岩气产量已占到了全美天然气产量的12%,而我国页岩气储量丰富,但开发才刚刚起步。总结、探讨了页岩气开发的关键技术,包括地质储量评估技术、射孔优化技术、压裂增产技术、水平井增产技术、超临界CO2开发页岩气技术、欠平衡钻井开发页岩气等新技术。针对水压裂增产技术易伤害储层、经济成本高等问题,探讨了超临界CO2开发页岩气技术。该技术喷射破岩效率高、门限压力低,能有效减少井下复杂问题的出现,提高钻井速度,缩短建井周期;不含固相颗粒,不会堵塞孔隙吼道,不会导致储层中粘土膨胀,从根本上避免了水锁效应、岩石润湿性反转等危害的发生,钻井过程中,有效保护储层不受损害,提高油气井单井产量和采收率。针对页岩气井上部井漏、钻速慢的问题,提出了采用气体钻井、充气钻井等欠平衡钻井技术来提速治漏,以加快页岩气井开发进程,并开展了现场试验,取得了良好的效果。The current situation of shale gas development was surveyed,the key technologies of shale gas development were summarized and discussed,including geological reserves evaluation technology,perforation optimization technology,fracturing technology,horizontal well technology,supercritical CO2 technology,underbalanced drilling technology etc.Because the water fracturing technology is easy to hurt reservoir,and cost is high,the supercritical CO2 development technology of shale gas was discussed.This technology had high rock-breaking efficiency,low threshold pressure,and could effectively reduce underground complex problem.The fracture fluid hadn't solid-phase particle,so,pore wasn't blocked,the clay expansion wasn't caused,the harms of water-blocking and rock wettability reversal were avoided,and reservoir was protected effectively during drilling.Aiming at lost circulation and slow drilling speed,the air drilling and aerating drilling technology were used to enhance drilling speed and deal with lost circulation,and the good effect was achieved through field application.

关 键 词：页岩气 压裂技术 水平井技术 超临界CO2 充气钻井 

分 类 号：TE662[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]