解放后50年间淮河流域中游湿地景观格局的演变  

Change of the Wetland Landscape Pattern in the Middle Reaches of the Huaihe River from 1950s to 2000

作　　者：胡巍巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院旅游管理系,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《热带地理》2011年第3期283-288,共6页Tropical Geography

基　　金：韩山师范学院博士启动项目;国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB403301)

摘　　要：采用景观格局转移概率矩阵模型,对基于一级分类的淮河流域中游湿地景观演变进行分析。结果表明:从上世纪50年代至1980年,淮河中游土地覆被变化明显,但1980―2000年期间,土地利用的基本格局变化却很小;淮河流域中游各景观类型之间的转换变化具有显著的差异性,同一景观类型在转出和转入及其转换量上表现都不同;50年间淮河流域中游湿地景观格局演变的主要特征是大量的湿地转变成水田和非湿地,大量的天然湿地演变成人工湿地和非湿地,同时该区域出现了裸岩地,表明局部生态环境的恶化。认为主要原因是解放以后淮河流域人口增长迅速,为解决吃饭问题,增加了大量耕地;围湖造田、占用河滩地使湿地面积减少。1980年以后湿地景观格局变化很小,主要原因可能是到了1980年人口增长趋缓,淮河中游大农业的格局基本确立下来,农业土地利用不再有大的变化。The model of transformation probability matrix is used to analyze the change of wetland landscapes in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River basin based on the first classification of land use types. The results show that the land use cover in the region changed significantly from 1950s to 1980,but less from 1980 to 2000. Transformation between all kinds of landscapes greatly differed in transfer-out,transfer-in, and in transfer quantities. The main changes of the wetland landscape pattern in the middle reaches of the basin were： a great deal of wetland transformed into paddy fields and non-wetland,and some natural wetland transformed into artificial. Meanwhile,bare rock land appeared in the region, that implied the ecological environment deteriorated in some parts of the region. The main reason was that both population and cultivated land increased rapidly from 1949 to 1980. A lot of lakes and river bench land were reclaimed into paddy fields, that also made wetland area reduce. After 1980, agriculture land use had only a little change, and so did the pattern of wetland landscapes.

关 键 词：淮河流域中游 湿地 景观格局 转换过程 

分 类 号：P343.1[天文地球—水文科学]