三江平原桦川县近60年降水变化特征与旱涝分析  

Analysis on Precipitation Characteristics and Drought-Flood in Huachuan County of Sanjiang Plain for Nearly 60 Years

作　　者：牛佳田[1,2] 邰学礼[2] 刘兆金[3] 张国庆[4] 汪群慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政与环境学院,哈尔滨150087 [2]佳木斯大学,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [3]桦川县气象局,黑龙江桦川154300 [4]桦川县统计局,黑龙江桦川县154310

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第11期198-202,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省(2005)无公害农产品产地环评与认证项目研究内容

摘　　要：笔者以三江平原桦川县为例,收集该县气象台自建站以来1967—2008年逐月降水资料,采用线性倾向估计、突变检验、小波分析和标准降水指数(SPI)法,分析了桦川县降水变化特征和旱涝发生规律。结果表明:桦川县降水与作物生长季同期,降水量年内分配极不均匀,年际之间变化较大,呈减少趋势。春旱、夏秋涝较为严重,旱涝灾害在时空上普遍性、季节性、连续性、阶段性特点明显。在此基础上,提出预防旱涝灾害的建议,以期为当地农业生产服务提供指导。Droughts and floods are the main threats to the agricultural production,uneven distribution of precipitation is the important reason.Based on the precipitation records observed from the meteorological stations in Huachuan from 1967 to 2008,the characteristics of precipitation variation and regularity of drought and flood were analyzed with linear trend estimation method,mutation check,wavelet analysis and standard precipitation index（SPI）.The results indicated that the precipitation over the same period with the growing season,and the distribution of monthly precipitation was not even.The difference of yearly showed a great degree,showed significant decreasing trends.Spring drought,summer and autumn floods were more serious,obvious features of the performance of droughts and floods in universality,seasonal,continuity and stage etc.On this basis,recommendations for the prevention of droughts and floods were advised,in order to guide the local agricultural production.

关 键 词：降水 旱涝 SPI 桦川县 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]