开口呼字的声母在清末官话和现代方言中的分化  

The Divide of Consonant of Open Mouth Syllable in the Mandarin in the end of Qing Era and Modern Dialect

作　　者：黄灵燕 

机构地区：[1]马来西亚博特拉大学外文系马来西亚沙登43400

出　　处：《语言科学》2011年第4期440-448,共9页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：文章主要探讨中古影疑两母开口呼字在十九世纪三大官话方言中的声母读音及其在现代方言的演变。开口呼字的影疑两母在西方人编撰罗马字官话著作有三种不同的声母拼写方式:拼作-母,拼作-母,变作零声母。文章研究发现,不同音系性质的官话,对开口呼字的声母有不同的拼写。从现今官话地区的方言来看,开口呼字的声母演变基本上还是延续十九世纪各地域性官话方言对这个声母拼读的差异,开口呼字的声母在现代北京和南京方言还是零声母,而在现代成都方言则以读-母为常。This paper mainly investigates the divide of the consonant of the Ying（影） and Yi（疑） consonants of open mouth syllables（开口呼） from the middle ancient period in the Mandarin dialects in the end of Qing era, and towards its development in the modern dialects. The Ying and Yi conso- nants of the open mouth syllables which noted by westerners in their Romanized Mandarin texts have three different written forms, the first is written as a consonant of [η] , the second is written as a consonant of [g-] and the last form has been changed to zero consonant. This study finds that the Mandarin dialects which originated from different characteristics of sound systems have different written forms for the consonants of open mouth syllables. Based on the dialects from the Mandarin territories, the development of the consonants of open mouth syllables basically still remained the different written forms from the end of Qing era for these consonants in the Mandarin dialects from different territories, the consonants of open mouth syllables still remain as zero consonants in Beijing and Nanjing modern dialects, but normally have been changed to the consonant of [η-] in the Chengdu modern dialect currently.

关 键 词：官话方言 现代方言 影母 疑母零声母 舌根鼻音声母 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]