不同天气类型广州新电视塔高层风速与地面风速的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Guangzhou New TV Tower High-level Wind Speed and Surface Wind Speed under Different Weather Conditions

作　　者：林良根[1] 罗森波[1] 林少冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州中心气象台,广东广州510080

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2011年第2期55-61,共7页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

摘　　要：利用广州新电视塔自动站和中大自动站2007年9月至2009年4月的观测资料,结合天气形势进行对比分析,结果表明:热带气旋天气类型的阵风特点是平均阵风、瞬间阵风最大,强风影响的时间长,大气边界层与地面风力差最大;冷空气天气类型的阵风特点是平均阵风较大,瞬间阵风最小,强风影响的时间长,大气边界层与地面风力差最小;低槽天气类型的阵风特点是平均阵风最小,瞬间阵风较大,强风影响的时间短,大气边界层与地面风力差较大。在热带气旋天气类型中,在珠江口和粤西沿海地区登陆的热带气旋对广州大气边界层的风力影响最大,最大阵风出现在热带气旋强度最强且路径离广州最近的时间段里;另外,弱冷空气对热带气旋的风力有增强作用。在冷空气天气类型中,500hPa形势场的旋转型低槽有利于大气边界层出现强风。在低槽天气类型中,强低槽类型有利于大气边界层出现时间长强度强的阵风,雷雨大风类型有利于大气边界层出现短时极大风。Basing the data of Guangzhou New TV Tower Weather Station and Zhongda Weather Station from Sep. 2007 to Apr. 2009, comparative analysis under different weather conditions was conducted. It shows that the gust features of tropical cyclone （cold air, trough） is strong （normal, weak） average gust, strong （ weak, normal） instantaneous gust, long （ long, short） gale affecting time. And the difference between atmospheric boundary layer wind and surface wind is big （small, normal） . Under the weather condition of tropical cyclone, the atmospheric boundary layer wind of Guangzhou is affected most by those tropical cyclones which landed on Pearl River estuary or western Guangdong coast. The maximum gust occurs when the tropical cyclone is strongest and is nearest to Guangzhou. And weak cold air can enhance the wind of tropical cyclone. Under cold air （trough） condition, the rotating trough on 500hPa is favorable to the strong wind of the atmospheric boundary layer. The strong trough is favorable to the long, strong wind in the atmospheric boundary layer. Under thunderstorms condition, it＇s favorable to short-term maximum wind appearing in atmospheric boundary layer.

关 键 词：阵风 热带气旋 冷空气 低槽 

分 类 号：P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]