龙门水库和安各庄水库集水区不同径流效应的影响因子探究  

A Study on Influencing Factors of Runoff Effects in the Longmen Reservoir and Angezhuang Reservoir Watersheds

作　　者：刘铭[1,2] 鲁春霞[1] 马聪[1,2] 欧洁3 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国科学技术信息研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《资源科学》2011年第8期1446-1453,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：国家环保部环保公益项目:“水利工程的生态效应与生态调度”(编号:200909057)

摘　　要：龙门水库和安各庄水库同属于白洋淀流域,且地理位置上相邻。按水库库容划分,都属于大(二)型水库,并且设计之初的水库功能都是以防洪为主,同时兼有灌溉、养殖等功能。本文运用1961年-2008年的水库径流数据,通过回归分析,发现两个水库上游来水量呈现逐年减少的趋势。虽然两个水库地理位置靠近,但是安各庄水库运行正常,而龙门水库近年来却几乎处在彻底干涸的处境。为了解释这种差异性,本文首先通过DEM提取了两个水库的集水区,然后从水库上游集水区的气候要素、地形要素、植被要素以及人类活动要素等影响因子着手,分析了这两个水库现状迥异的深层原因。分析结果显示:地形因素和人类活动因素是造成两个水库不同径流效应的主要原因。Both the Longmen and Angezhuang reservoirs are located in the Baiyangdian watershed, and spatially close to each other. Concerning water capacity, the two reservoirs can be classified as big-II reservoirs according to the Chinese standard for reservoir classification. Decades ago, they were constructed primarily for flood control, combined with functions of irrigation and aquatic products. With changes in climatic factors and increasing pressure of human activities on these two watersheds, the functions of reservoirs have been changed accordingly. First, climate change is an obvious influencing factor for the recent water shortage. Understanding the runoff difference between the two reservoirs would be beneficial in improving an understanding of runoff effects within the Baiyangdian watershed. Even though they are spatially close, the runoff effect is completely different. The Angezhuang reservoir functions pretty well; however, the Longmen reservoir has suffered from a series of problems, like decreasing water coming from the upper reaches area. The authors analyzed hydrological data for the two reservoirs during the period 1961-2008 using regression analysis. Results indicate a decreasing trend in surface runoff for both reservoirs, especially the Longmen reservoir. Potential influencing factors resulting in the difference in surface runoff include climatic factor, topographic factor, vegetation factor, and human factor. The climatic and vegetation factors for the two reservoirs differ slightly because of similar geographic and natural conditions. The topographic and human factors might be the primary reasons for these differences since 1） the topographic factors, like river length, river width, and river slope, differ greatly; and 2） the human factors, like population density and arable land density, vary largely

关 键 词：径流 流域提取 白洋淀 龙门水库 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]