海上120m氦氧饱和-150m巡回潜水的医学保障  

Medical support to 120 m heliox saturation 150 m excursion diving at sea

作　　者：唐儒清[1] 龚锦涵[1] 胡明洋[2] 肖卫兵[1] 潘令松[1] 张振炜[1] 方以群[1] 张和翔[1] 戴建凉[1] 陈勇[1] 都兴树[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军海军医学研究所,上海市200433 [2]海军司令部航保部

出　　处：《中华航海医学杂志》1999年第4期213-216,共4页

摘　　要：目的　了解海上饱和潜水环境下，机体主要器官功能变化、适应性和工作能力。检验饱和－巡回潜水医学保障方案。方法　８名潜水员利用国产大深度饱和潜水系统和Ｈｅｌｉｏｘ－１８ｂ 型潜水装具，依据制定的医学保障方案，执行海上大深度饱和－巡回潜水。潜水分三阶段：１． 潜水员选拔训练和物质准备。２． 由浅入深进行空气和氦氧邦司潜水。３． １２０ ｍ ＨｅＯ２ 饱和－１５０ ｍ 巡回潜水实潜。饱和加压速度１ ｍ ／ｍ ｉｎ，每１０ ｍ 增值停留２ 分钟，６０ ｍ 深度停留２０ 分钟。在饱和深度下，主要环境参数：舱压１．３ＭＰａ，ＰＯ２ ４０ ｋＰａ，ＰＣＯ２ ＜ １ｋＰａ，ＰＮ２ ＜ １４０ ｋＰａ，ＰＨｅ １．１２ ＭＰａ。舱温（３０±１） ℃，相对温度５０％ ～７０％ 。巡回潜水时，呼吸７％ Ｏ２－９３％ Ｈｅ混合气。饱和减压每５ ｍ 为一站，随深度减少，停留时间增加。减压时进行心前区Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ气泡监测。潜水全过程不同阶段，结合进行了脑电图、心电图、胃电图、肺功能、神经运动性功能、血与尿生化、免疫学等指标测试和临床医学观察。结果　潜水员在１２０ ｍ 氦氧环境下驻留６４ 小时，完成９ 钟次２０ 人次，１４４～１４９ ｍ 深度范围巡回潜水；减压１３１ 小时，压力?Objective To investigate the changes in the function of the vital organs of the body,their adaptability and performance in the saturation diving environment at sea,and test the medical support profile for saturation excursion diving.Methods According to the predetermined medical support profile,8 divers performed deep saturation excursion dives at sea using home made deep saturation diving systems and Heliox 18b diving equipment.The experiment was divided into 3 stages:(1) diver selection training and material preparation;(2) air and heliox bell bounce diving in waters from shallow to deep;and (3) real 120 m heliox saturation 150 m excursion diving.The saturation compression speed was 1 m/min,the stop time for each 10 m increment was 2 min,and that at 60 m was 20 min.The main environmental parameters at saturation depth were as follows:chamber pressure 1.3 MPa,PO\-2 40 kPa,PCO\-2<1 kPa,PN\-2<140 kPa,and PHe 1.12 MPa;chamber temperature:(30±1) ℃ and relative humidity:50%~70%.The breathing gas was 7%O\-2 and 93% He mixture in excursion diving.For saturation decompression,each 5 m was a stop and with the decrease of depth the stop time was increased.Bubble sound in the precardiac region was monitored with Doppler monitor on decompression.During different stages of diving,EEG,ECG,EGG,pulmonary function,neuromotor function,and the biochemical and immunological indices of blood and urine were monitored and clinical observations were made.Results The divers stayed in the 120 m heliox environment for 64 hours and performed 9 (20 men times)excursions using a diving bell at depths from 144 to 149 m.They were decompressed for 131 hours and exposed to pressure for a total of 198 hours.There occurred 3 cases of hyperbaric arthralgia,1 case of upper respiratory infection and constipation,and a number of cases of mild skin inflammation and external auditory meatus infection.Index measurement and clinical observation showed the environment as in this study had produced no significant effects on the body.It presented

关 键 词：饱和潜水 巡回潜水 援潜救生 医学保障 

分 类 号：R841.4[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]