不同类型和强度的干旱胁迫对黑麦草实验种群物质生产与水分利用的影响  

HERBAGE PRODUCTION AND WATER USE OF PERENNIAL RYEGRASS POPULATION UNDER DIFFERENT TYPES AND LEVELS OF DROUGHT STRESS

作　　者：高玉葆[1] 刘峰[1] 任安芝[1] 吴秀英[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生物学系,天津300071

出　　处：《植物生态学报》1999年第6期510-520,共11页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目"黑麦草对于水分胁迫的生理生态响应与群体适应策略研究"(项目批准号394 70 1 2 8)

摘　　要：对田间条件下不同类型和强度的干旱胁迫对黑麦草 ( L olium perenne)实验种群物质生产与水分利用特征的影响进行了研究。实验结果表明 :在周期性和持续性胁迫条件下 ,轻度与中度胁迫对草群干物质产量的影响相接近并与对照无显著差异 ,重度胁迫导致干物质产量的降低 ;渐进性胁迫条件下轻度胁迫对干物质产量的影响与对照相接近 ,中度和重度胁迫导致产量的降低 ;在每一种胁迫类型下植物地上部绿色部分的干物质含量与其干物质产量呈反向对应关系 ;草群干物质产量与栽植桶水分散失量之间呈极显著的直线关系 ;周期性胁迫条件下中度胁迫提高了草群水分利用效率 。An effort has been made to investigate the characteristics of herbage production and water use of perennial ryegrass population under different types and levels of drought stress in field conditions. The experimental material was cv.AberElan,and was grown in self designed soil columns in May 1995.The columns were packed with soils taken from the field. The soil water content was monitored by regular weighing of the column and was maintained within a predetermined range by controlling watering frequency and amount of water applied each time.Three types of drought stress were imposed to the columns,i.e.,cyclic,sustained and progressive,each of which was further divided into mild, moderate and severe levels, and a well watered column was used as control. Under cyclic and sustained types of drought stress,the effect of moderate stress on dry matter yield was similar to that of mild stress and was not significantly different from the control,while severe stress reduced dry matter yield;under progressive type of drought stress,however,mild stress did not affect dry matter yield,but moderate and severe stresses caused a reduction in dry matter yield. For each type of drought stress,dry matter content of herbage was negatively associated with the dry matter yield.There was a linear relationship between dry matter yield and water loss from soil columns. The moderate stress of cyclic type tended to increase water use efficiency(WUE)of the population whereas under sustained and progressive types of stress the response of the population WUE to drought stress varied with time in the growing season.

关 键 词：黑麦草 干旱胁迫 物质生产 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S543.601[农业科学—作物学]