菲律宾蛤仔EST-SSRs标记开发及不同地理群体遗传多样性  

Development of EST-SSRs markers and analysis of genetic diversities among different geographical populations of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

作　　者：闫喜武[1] 虞志飞[1] 秦艳杰[1] 杨霏[1] 王金海[1] 张跃环[1] 杨凤[1] 张国范[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学生命科学与技术学院,大连116023 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第15期4190-4198,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项经费资助(CARS-45)

摘　　要：利用13对微卫星引物对大连、莆田、青岛3个地理群体蛤仔遗传多样性进行了检测。结果表明:13个基因座共检测到154个等位基因,每个座位检测到的等位基因数在2—7个之间,平均有效等位基因数为2.7657;3个群体平均观测杂合度分别为0.4387、0.4194、0.2383,平均期望杂合度分别为0.6488、0.6484、0.5526;群体间的遗传多样性差异不显著(P>0.05)。NJ聚类结果显示大连和莆田群体的蛤仔亲缘关系较近,二者与青岛群体关系较远。3个群体均有不同程度的偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡现象,表明各群体基因频率和基因型频率的稳定性相对较低。本研究所获得的微卫星标记的多态信息含量(PIC)>0.5,说明这些微卫星位点的多样性较高,可为下一步遗传图谱构建研究提供参考。To ascertain that genetic differences exist among different geographical populations of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum,13 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized for three wild populations including the Dalian,Putian,and Qingdao populations.All samples were collected in March 2010.Among the three populations studied,154 alleles were detected（there were 54,51,and 49 alleles for the Dalian,Putian,and Qingdao populations,respectively）.The number of alleles per locus ranged 2-7 and there were 1.2331-5.4568 effective alleles with an average of 2.7657.The observed heterozygosites for the Dalian,Putian and Qingdao populations were 0.4387,0.4194,0.2383,and the expected heterozygosities were 0.6488,0.6484,0.5526,respectively.The polymorphism information content（PIC） ranged 0.1778-0.7922 with an average of〈 0.5475,where the Rp-02,Rp-03,Rp-05,Rp-06,Rp-07,Rp-09,Rp-10,Rp-11,Rp-12 loci were considered highly polymorphic markers（PIC0.5）,and the Rp-01,Rp-04,Rp-08,Rp-13 loci were moderate polymorphic markers（PIC0.25 and 0.5）.Genetic diversities among populations were not significantly different（P 0.05）.The genetic distance between the Dalian and Putian populations was only 0.1108 and they had the highest genetic similarity,whereas the genetic distance between the Dalian and Qingdao populations（0.4323） was farthest indicating that they were least genetically similar.The genetic distance between the Putian and Qindao populations was intermediate.The genetic distances within a population were 0.5178±0.1328,0.6592±0.3291,and 0.5480±0.2759 for the Dalian,Putian,and Qingdao populations,respectively.The genetic similarities within a population were 0.6930±0.2708,0.5426±0.1572,and 0.5986±0.1496,respectively.The NJ dendrogram also showed that the Dalian and Putian populations were more closely related to each other than with the Qingdao population.Most loci among the three populations deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium;only 33.4%

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 地理群体 遗传多样性 微卫星 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]