施用有机肥环境下盐胁迫小麦幼苗长势和内源激素的变化  

Effects of organic fertilizer on growth and endogenous hormone contents of wheat seedlings under salt stres

作　　者：刘海英[1] 崔长海[1] 赵倩[1] 郭净净[1] 张东玲[1] 范念斯[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,新乡453007

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第15期4215-4224,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BAD02A07);河南师范大学博士启动金(06040111)

摘　　要：在盆栽条件下,研究了不同浓度NaCl处理下,底施不同施用量有机肥小麦品种豫麦49-198幼苗的生长变化,在此基础上,选择出合适的NaCl处理浓度和有机肥施用量区间,并对此情况下小麦幼苗苗和根中内源激素含量和比例的变化进行了测定,以揭示其耐盐差异机制。结果表明,15000—35000 kg/hm2施用量有机肥处理明显减轻NaCl浓度为150 mmol/L的盐胁迫,其中25000 kg/hm2有机肥处理效果最明显;45000 kg/hm2以上的有机肥处理对幼苗生长抑制无明显缓解作用;当NaCl浓度为450 mmol/L时,各种施用量的有机肥处理均不能减轻盐胁迫对幼苗生长的抑制。150 mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,不同施用量有机肥处理,分别为对照(不施肥)、低施用量(15000 kg/hm2)、中施用量(25000 kg/hm2)和高施用量(35000 kg/hm2)的有机肥,土壤盐度的增加量随有机肥用量增加而上升,对小麦幼苗生长的抑制作用得到缓解,以25000 kg/hm2有机肥处理缓解作用最强。有机肥处理下盐胁迫小麦幼苗苗和根中ABA含量的增加得到显著缓解,IAA和GAs的含量比不施有机肥的对照有不同程度的提高,说明盐胁迫下有机肥处理小麦幼苗具有较高IAA和GAs合成量。盐胁迫下有机肥处理使苗中ZR的含量较高而根中则较低,说明抗盐性较强的有机肥处理可迅速将根部合成的ZR向苗中转移,促进苗的生长。盐胁迫下有机肥处理的IAA/ABA、GAs/ABA、ZR/ABA的比值也有不同程度提高。在盐胁迫下,有机肥处理尤其是在25000 kg/hm2施用量时,小麦幼苗协调自身激素平衡的能力较强可能是其生长受抑制较小的重要原因。Salt stress is the main factor restricting the growth and grain yield of wheat grown in salinized soils.The potential of traditional agricultural technologies will be explored to increase outputs in such conditions.In addition,increased amounts of organic fertilizers are also used to alleviate the effects of salt stress.Together,traditional technologies and fertilizer applications could make up a technical application system integrating traditional and modern agriculture.Understanding the mechanism of salt resistance in wheat is important for wheat production.The concentrations and balance of endogenous hormones are closely linked to growth and development in wheat.However,little is known about the relationship between endogenous hormones and salt resistance,and the effects of organic fertilizer on these factors,in wheat under salt stress.The objective of this research,therefore,was to determine the concentrations and balance of endogenous hormones under salt stress in a salt-resistant cultivar of wheat（Triticum aestivum L.Yumai49-198）.The results will help to elucidate the mechanism of salt resistance and provide valuable information to alleviate the negative effects of salt on wheat by optimizing the amount of organic fertilizer.First,we examined the difference in salt tolerance of wheat seedlings grown with various amounts of organic fertilizer and various concentrations of salt.From these results,we determined the appropriate amounts of fertilizer and salt for further investigations.We then used a pot experiment to analyze the changes in endogenous hormone contents in seedlings grown in increasingly saline soils.Application of organic fertilizer markedly alleviated the inhibitory effect of salt on wheat seedlings treated with 150 mmol/L NaCl,but had no effect when the NaCl concentration was 450 mmol/L.Fertilizer was most effective at an application rate of 25000 kg/hm^2 and ineffective at 45000 kg/hm^2 or higher.Furthermore,when wheat seedlings were treated with 150 mmol/L NaCl in combination with 0（CK�

关 键 词：冬小麦 盐胁迫 有机肥 内源激素 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]