沉淀法处理含铜废水及其沉淀产物的表征  

Treatment of Copper-Containing Wastewater by Precipitation and Characterization of Precipitate

作　　者：李新颖[1] Francis Ruzagiliza Innocent 陈泉源[1] 薛罡[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《化工环保》2011年第4期298-303,共6页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目基金资助项目(B604)

摘　　要：采用Ca(OH)2、Na2CO3和Na2S作为沉淀剂处理模拟酸性含铜废水。实验结果表明:对铜离子去除率由高至低的顺序为Ca(OH)2>Na2 CO3>Na2 S;沉淀60 min后,污泥沉降体积由高至低的顺序为Na2 CO3>Ca(OH)2>Na2S;上清液浊度由高至低的顺序为Ca(OH)2>Na2CO3>Na2S。沉淀剂为Ca(OH)2时,随溶液pH升高,上清液ζ电位绝对值减小;沉淀剂为Na2CO3和Na2S时,随溶液pH升高,上清液ζ电位绝对值增大。沉淀剂为Ca(OH)2时,沉淀污泥中主要含有CaSO4.2H2 O和CuO;沉淀剂为Na2 CO3时,沉淀污泥中主要含有Cu4(SO4)(OH)6.2H2O;沉淀剂为Na2S时,沉淀污泥中主要含有CuS和CuSO4.5H2 O。Ca(OH)2作为沉淀剂优势明显。The simulated acidic copper-containing wastewater was treated using Ca （OH）2, Na2 CO3 and Na2S as precipitants. The experimental results show that： The order of copper ion removal rates is Ca （OH） 2 〉 Na2 CO3 〉 Na2 S ; After precipitation for 60 min, the order of sludge sedimentation volumes is NaeCO3 〉 Ca （OH） 2 〉 Na2 S ; The order of the supernatant turbidities is Ca （OH） 2 〉 Na2CO3 〉 Na2S. With the increasing of the solution pH, the absolute value of ζ potential of the supernatant decreases for Ca（OH）2 precipitant, but increases for Na2CO3 and Na2S precipitants. When Ca（OH） 2 is used as precipitant, the main precipitates are CaSQ · 2H2O and CuO; When Na2CO3 is used as precipitant, the main precipitate is Cu4 （SO4） （OH）6 · 2H2 O; When Na2 S is used as precipitant, the main precipitates are CuS and CuSO4 · 5H2O. The advantage of using Ca（OH）2 as precipitant is evident.

关 键 词：含铜废水 沉淀法 沉淀剂 Ζ电位 浊度 污泥 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工]