施氮模式对春玉米养分吸收动态的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application Models on the Dynamic of Nutrient Absorption of Spring Maize

作　　者：隽英华[1] 汪仁[1] 孙文涛[1] 邢月华[1] 宫亮[1] 蔡广兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院环境资源与农村能源研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《玉米科学》2011年第4期121-124,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：科技部支撑计划(2006BAD02A12);农业公益性行业科研专项项目(201003046-7);国家科技支撑项目(2008BA-DA4B06)

摘　　要：通过春玉米田间试验和室内分析,研究施氮模式对春玉米养分吸收动态及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,施氮提高了玉米植株氮、磷、钾含量,改善了玉米产量性状。随着生育期推进,玉米植株各器官氮、钾含量逐渐降低,磷含量变化无规律性。与其他施氮模式相比,二次追肥和一次深施处理显示出较大的优势,其中,产投比分别为7.78和6.93,氮肥农学效率分别为29.05 kg/kg和24.38 kg/kg,氮肥利用率分别为40.13%和39.92%。结合玉米的生理需肥特性和肥料性质,磷、钾肥作基肥,氮肥作基肥+拔节肥追肥+大喇叭口肥追肥和氮肥一次深施为适宜的施肥技术。By the test in spring maize field and laboratory analysis, the dynamic behavior of nutrient absorption of spring maize and the fertilizer N use efficiency were studied as affected by models of nitrogen application. The results showed that nitrogen application enhanced N, P and K contents of maize plant, and improved the maize yield character. With growth stages, the N and K contents of each organ of maize plant decreased, and P content changed with no rule. Compared with other models of nitrogen application, two topdressings and one deep application both showed greater preponderance, whose output-input ratio, N agronomic efficiency and fertilizer N use efficiency were 7.78, 29.05 kg/kg and 40.13 % and 6.93, 24.38 kg/kg and 39.92 %, respectively. Considered fertilizer requirement charac- teristics of maize and fertilizer properties, it was filtrated that, P and K fertilizers as basic fertilizer, and N fertilizer as basic fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and big trumpet fertilizer and as basic fertilizer with one deep application were the best techniques of fertilizer application.

关 键 词：春玉米 施氮模式 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]