东太湖水质污染特征研究  

Water quality pollution characteristics in East Taihu Lake

作　　者：曾庆飞[1] 谷孝鸿[1] 周露洪[1,2] 毛志刚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2011年第8期1355-1360,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30900207);江苏省自然基金资助项目(SBK201021370);国家水污染控制重大专项资助项目(2008ZX07101-012)

摘　　要：2008年8月至2009年7月研究了江苏东太湖网围养殖区、东茭咀、油车港等12个典型湖区的水环境特征,运用主成分分析法研究东太湖水质的空间异质性及主控因素.结果表明,东太湖水质在各区域存在显著差异,季节变化明显,主要表现为丰水期水质优于枯水期.12个水质指标简化成2个主成分,主成分I代表水体的总磷、溶解性总磷和磷酸盐水平,是东太湖水域最主要的污染因子;主成分II主要反映水体的有机污染状况,叶绿素a和高锰酸盐指数的贡献率较大.利用主成分得分进行聚类分析,将12个采样点分为4类,北部由于受东山镇生活污水影响,各入湖河道口污染较为严重,特别是油车港;网围养殖区由于人工栽植的水草较为茂盛,水质较好,同东茭咀、太浦河口等水域的水质一样.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the spatial zoning of water quality and the main water pollution characteristics in East Taihu Lake based on a systematic water environment research.The results showed that there existed a significant spatial pattern and obvious seasonal variations in water quality characteristics among the sites selected in East Taihu Lake.Two main components were obtained from twelve water quality indices,and component I was characterized by total phosphorus total dissolved phosphorus and inorganic phosphate concentration.Components II was associated with Chla and CODMn which represented water organic pollution in East Taihu Lake.Twelve sample plots were classified into four classes by cluster analysis in terms of principal component scores.The water pollution was highly in the river mouths of the north part of East Taihu Lake due to the discharge of urban domestic sewage,especially in the Youchegang mouth.The water quality in the crab＇s enclosure culture area was as good as the sites in the south and east parts in East Taihu Lake because of the artificial grown vegetation＇s strong purification ability.

关 键 词：东太湖 水质 空间差异 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]