柠檬酸与枸溶性磷肥对磷高效基因型小麦产量的影响  

Effects of the supply of citric acid and citric soluble phosphatic fertilizers on yield of wheat genotypes with high phosphorus efficiency.

作　　者：王庆仁[1] 李继云[1] 李振声[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [2]中国科学院遗传研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生态农业研究》1999年第4期9-13,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-agriculture

基　　金："九五"国家自然科学基金(39790100)

摘　　要：研究了温室盆栽条件下进行柠檬酸单施或与枸溶、难溶性磷肥配合施用的不同试验处理对不同磷效率基因型小麦生长发育的影响。结果表明,柠檬酸与枸溶性磷肥(沉淀磷肥,即CaHPO_4)配合施用的增产效应最显著。在相应用量下可使磷高效基因型小麦“洛夫林”平均增产94％,磷低效“80-55”增产83.1％;单施柠檬酸使“洛夫林”与“80-55”平均增产63.3％和28.8％,表现出小麦基因型间磷效率明显差异。但磷矿粉单施或与柠檬酸配合施用的增产效应相对较小。这反映了石灰性土壤因pH值较高,磷矿粉不能为作物提供充足有效的磷源,也说明柠檬酸的酸化能力有限,对所施用磷矿粉难以产生有效的酸化作用,且可能由于磷矿粉的加入反而因稀释作用削弱了柠檬酸的酸化效果,导致其增产效果低于单施相同浓度柠檬酸的处理。Under greenhouse condition, a pot experiment with citric acid, citric soluble and acid soluble phosphorus fertilizers applied to study the effects of various treatments on wheat growth and development was carried out. The results indicated that, among the treatments, citric acid accompanied with citric soluble phosphorus fertilizer could increase the yield most significantly, at the corresponding rates supplied, the average increase of P highly efficient genotype Lofflin was 94% , while that of low efficient 80-55 was 83. 1%. Citric acid supplied alone could also increase the yields, for example, Lofflin had a increasing yield of 63. 3%, 80-55 had that of 28. 8%, showing a significant difference between highly efficient and low efficient genotypes. Little effect was found by application of rock phosphate alone or accompanied with citric acid. The main reason is the high pH value in calcareous soil in which the rock phosphate could not provide enough available phosphorus for crop growth. Furthermore , it showed that the acidification in the rhizosphere was limited by citric acid and the application of rock phosphate could also decrease the acidification through-the dilution effect which resulted in a little effect of yield improvement for both of highly and low efficient genotypes.

关 键 词：柠檬酸 磷效率 枸溶性磷 基因型 小麦 产量 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]