椰子茎泻血病菌生物学特性研究  

Biological Characteristics of the Pathogenic Fungus Causing Stem Bleeding Disease of Coconut

作　　者：余凤玉[1] 林春花[2] 朱辉[1] 王萍[1] 唐庆华[1] 牛晓庆[1] 陈思婷[1] 吴多扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,海南文昌571339 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2011年第6期1122-1127,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903026-4-1);海南省热带作物有害生物监测与控制重点实验室开放课题基金项目(PDCTA1002)

摘　　要：对椰子茎泻血病菌奇异长喙壳菌Ceratocystis paradoxa(Dade)Moreau[=Thie laviopsis paradoxa(De Seynes)V.Hohnel]xie331-4的生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明,马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA)最适合该菌菌丝生长和产孢;以果糖为碳源最适合菌丝生长,以阿拉伯树胶粉为碳源最适合产孢;以磷酸氢二铵为氮源最适合菌丝生长,以蛋白胨为氮源最适合产孢;2%蛋白胨对孢子萌发有促进作用,2%葡萄糖、2%蔗糖对孢子萌发有抑制作用;25～35℃适合菌丝生长和产孢,25℃最适合孢子萌发,温度低于5℃或高于40℃孢子不能萌发;pH值4～11适合菌丝生长,pH为7产孢量最大,pH值为4孢子萌发率最高;光照对菌丝生长及孢子萌发无显著影响,但有利于产孢;分生孢子致死温度为52℃10min。Biological characteristics of C. paradoxa xie331-4 which causing stem bleeding disease of coconut were studied. The results showed that PDA was the optimal medium for mycelia growth and spore germination. The mycelia grew best on media with fructose as C source, and eonidia germinated best on media with arabic gum powder as C-source. The mycelia grew best on media with （NH4）2HPO4 as N source and conidia germinated best on media with Peptone as N source. 2% Peptone promoted spore germination, hut 2% glucose and 2% sucrose inhibited. Temperature ranged from 25 to 35℃ was optimal for its mycelia growth and spore germination. Spores could not germinate below 5 ℃ or over 40℃ pH ranged from 4 to 11 was optimal for its mycelia growth, while pH7 was optimal for sporulation and 4 for spore germination. Light treatment did not have significant effect on the myce!ia growth, while light was good for sporulation. Lethal temperature of the spores was 52℃ for 10 minutes.

关 键 词：奇异长喙壳菌:生物学特性 椰子 

分 类 号：S435.61[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]