我国炼油工业发展趋势分析  

Development Trend of Chinese Petroleum Refining Industry

作　　者：余黎明[1] 张东明[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油和化学工业规划院,北京100013

出　　处：《中外能源》2011年第8期14-21,共8页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：2009年我国炼油能力达到4.78×108t/a,成为世界第二大炼油国,成品油产量和质量完全可满足国内需求并出口国际市场。预计2015年我国炼油能力将达到5.8×108t/a,成品油加工能力约3.5×108t/a,主要建成环杭州湾(含长三角)、珠三角、环渤海和西北炼化工业区,炼厂的规模化程度、炼化一体化程度、产业集中度及集约化程度、油品质量都将进一步提高。2015年我国石油需求约5.5×108t,成品油需求约3.0×108t,成品油需求增长有可能放缓,炼油能力将继续保持较快增长,呈现出供大于求的局面。"十二五"期间,我国炼油工业面临着石油资源不足和节能减排等因素的制约。生产清洁油品是炼油工业的发展重点,大力发展各类加氢工艺,采用劣质、重质原油生产清洁油品将成为我国炼油工业发展的必然趋势。炼油企业要进一步提高装置对高硫、高酸及重质原油加工的适应性,增加清洁燃料和石油化工原料供应,促进原油深度加工和炼化一体化整体协调发展。我国炼油行业在节能方面仍有较大上升空间,预计2015年单位综合能耗将降至60kg标油/t。同时,要科学有序地发展生物燃料等替代能源。China′s oil refining capacity reached 4.78×108t/a in 2009,making the country the second largest oil refiner worldwide.Domestically produced oil products are now fully capable of satisfying domestic demand in terms of both quantity and quality and some products are being exported to the international market.China′s oil refining capacity is expected to reach 5.8×108t/a in 2015 and oil product output will reach some 3.5×108t/a.A host of refining bases will be established,principally in the Hangzhou Bay Rim region（including the Yangtze River Delta）,the Pearl River Delta,the Bohai Sea Rim region and northwest China.The sizes of refineries,the degree of integration of refining and chemical business,the degree of concentration and intensification of business as well as the quality of oil products produced will all improve further.In 2015,China′s oil demand is expected to reach some 5.5×108t and oil product demand will hit some 3.0×108t.The growth of the country′s oil product demand may slow but the country′s oil refining capacity will continue to grow rapidly.Supply will exceed demand.In the Twelfth Five Year Plan period,the main challenges faced by China′s oil refining industry will include the shortage of oil resources,energy saving and emission reduction.Clean oil product production will be given priority and developing various hydrogenation technologies and producing clean oil products using poor and heavy crude oil will be an inexorable trend in the domestic oil refining industry.Domestic oil refiners should continue to improve the adaptability of their units to high-sulfur,high-acid and heavy crude oils,increase the supply of clean fuel and petroleum and chemical feedstock and promote the harmonious development of crude deep processing and refining/chemical integration.The domestic oil refining industry still has great potential for energy conservation.The industry′s energy consumption in producing one ton of products is expected to drop to 60kg of oil equivalent by 2015.The industry should

关 键 词：炼油工业 炼油能力 成品油 清洁燃料 炼化一体化 节能 替代能源 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济]