智能钻杆通讯关键技术研究  

Research on Key Technique of Information Transmission of Intelligent Drill Pipe

作　　者：孙浩玉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东东营257061 [2]胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院,山东东营257017

出　　处：《中外能源》2011年第8期48-52,共5页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：国家"863计划"项目资助。项目名称:"动力及信号传输钻杆技术";项目编号:2007AA06Z228

摘　　要：随着旋转导向钻井技术、随钻测井和随钻地震等地质导向钻井技术,以及钻井动态参数的井下诊断和控制技术的不断发展,石油钻井、完井进入信息化、智能化和自动化阶段,要求能对钻井过程随钻实时采集、传输、处理、反馈,并应用地质和井眼信息,及时调整施工工艺,确保作业快速、安全。泥浆脉冲测量作为随钻测量(MWD)和随钻测井(LWD)工具数据传输到地面的现代工业标准之一,在实际钻井中的数据传输速度往往只有1～2bit/s,不能满足众多参数随钻实时快速传输要求,限制了信息技术与钻井技术的结合。信息的高速大容量传输成为制约新技术发展的瓶颈。智能钻杆技术的研究,旨在由地面向井下输送电力的同时,建立地面与井下设备之间的双向、高速信息通道。该技术的研究与应用,既能促进井下软、硬件向智能化发展,又能构建地面与井下的网络系统。介绍了目前开发中的电力线载波通信技术、电力线工频通信技术和磁感应传输技术的原理、性能和特点。The rotary navigation drilling technology,logging while drilling and seismic while drilling,and the downhole drilling diagnosis and control of drilling dynamic parameters and other new technologies have been developed continuously.Since oil drilling and well completion have entered the information,intelligence and automation level,real time acquisition,transmission,processing,feedback of the drilling data should be done,and the variety of geological and borehole information may be applied together to adjusting the construction process for ensuring fast and safe operation.Mud pulse measure as one of the modern industry standards of the measure while drilling（MWD） and logging while drilling（LWD） tools for data transmission to the ground,the data rate in real drilling often is only 1~2bit/s.This data rate can′t satisfy the requirements of fast transmission of a number of parameters in real time while drilling,which restricts the combination of information technology and drilling technology.Large-capacity transmission at high rate of the information becomes a bottleneck of restricting the development of new technologies.The research of intelligent drill pipe technique intends to establish the two-way information ＂expressway＂ and meanwhile power transmission from surface to downhole.The research and application of this technique can both greatly promote the software and hardware of the downhole modules to be intellectualized,and establish the network connection between surface module and downhole one.This article emphatically introduced principle,performance and characteristics of three developing technologies：power-line carrier communication technology,power frequency communication,and electromagnetic induction data transmission technology.

关 键 词：钻井 智能钻杆 电力线载波 电力线工频通信 磁感应传输 

分 类 号：TE928[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]