老年女性泌尿系感染病原菌的耐药性分析  

Antimicrobial resistance of pathogens in urinary tract infection in old female

作　　者：余良芳[1] 李元君 滕廷波[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学第一临床医学院宜昌市中心人民医院检验科,湖北宜昌443003 [2]湖北省长阳县人民医院检验科,湖北长阳县443500

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第15期3296-3297,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的了解老年女性泌尿系感染病原菌的分布及耐药情况,指导临床合理用药。方法对医院2007-2009年泌尿系感染的老年女性患者中段尿进行细菌培养及药敏试验分析。结果分离出的351株病原菌中,居前5位的细菌分别为大肠埃希菌、粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和屎肠球菌,分别占45.6%、8.0%、5.7%、2.8%及1.7%,真菌感染比例为21.9%;革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率最低,为0~10.0%,大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对阿米卡星、呋喃妥因和含酶抑制剂复合抗菌药物的耐药率较低,为6.9%~37.5%,而对其他抗菌药物耐药率较高;肠球菌属对万古霉素100.0%敏感,对呋喃妥因和利奈唑胺的耐药率较低,为7.1%~25.0%。结论泌尿系感染病原菌的培养和耐药性检测,对临床正确诊断疾病与合理用药具有重要意义。OBJECTIVE To understand the flora distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infecion in old female to guide the clinician to reasonably use of antibiotics.METHODS The bacterial culture and susceptibility testing were performed for the isolates from mid-stream urine specimen from 2007 to 2009.RESULTS Among 351 isolates of pathogenic bacteria,the top five of isolating rate were Escherichia coli（45.6%）,Enterococci faecalis（8.0%）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa（5.7%）,K.peumoniae（2.8%） and Enterococcus faecom（1.7%）.The isolating rate of fungus was 21.9%.The resistance rate of imipenem（0-10.0%） to Gram-negative bacilli was the lowest.The resistance rates of amikacin,nitrofurantoin and antibiotics in combination with enzyme inhibitor against E.coli and K.peumoniae were lower,varying from 6.9% to 37.5%.The resistance to the other antibiotics were the higher.Enterococci was 100.0% sensitive to vancomycin.Those of nitrofurantoin and linezolid against enterococci were the lower,varying from 7.1% to 25.0%.CONCLUSION It is important that the clinician correctly diagnose the diseases and reasonably use the antibiotics according to the bacterial culture and susceptibility testing.

关 键 词：老年女性 泌尿系感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]