光周期对棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠昼夜节律及活动的影响  

Effects of Photoperiods on Circadian Rhythm and Activity of Mandarin Voles and Kunming Mice

作　　者：任修涛[1] 杨艳艳[1] 张宁[1] 王振龙[1] 李扬威[1] 路纪琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生物多样性与生态学研究所,郑州450001

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2011年第4期32-39,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划课题(No.2007CB109106);郑州大学引进人才科研基金资助项目

摘　　要：光周期对动物昼夜节律的维持具有重要的影响,地下鼠的生活方式导致其昼夜活动节律产生变化,分化出随机活动和节律型两种模式。本文采用录像观察记录的方法,测定了棕色田鼠(Lasioposomys mandarinus)和昆明小鼠(Mus musculus)在不同光暗周期下的昼夜节律变化。结果表明:28 d的光周期变化对棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠的体重影响不显著。在12L∶12D光照处理条件下,棕色田鼠的昼夜活动节律不明显,昼夜均有活动,表现为随机的活动节律模式;昆明小鼠则主要在暗周期活动,光周期极少活动,2种鼠的昼夜活动节律差异极显著。无光处理未改变棕色田鼠和昆明小鼠的固有昼夜活动节律。光照可增加棕色田鼠相对活动频率,降低昆明小鼠的相对活动频率。由此得出结论,与具有严格昼夜活动节律的昆明小鼠相比,棕色田鼠的活动节律属随机活动类型,虽光照可刺激其相对活动,但未改变其固有的昼夜活动节律。棕色田鼠的这种昼夜活动节律类型与其长期的地下生活有关,是对长期无光环境的适应。Photoperiods plays an important role in circadian rhythm formation and maintenance.However,random and rhythmic active circadian rhythms occurs in subterranean rodents.By using video recording and focal animal sampling methods,we tested the effect of dark-light cycles on activity rhythm in Mandarin Voles（Lasiopodomys mandarinus） and Kunming（KM） Mice（Mus musculus）.The results showed that： 1） light duration of 28 d did not significantly influence body mass of L.mandarinus and M.musculus,respectively;2） there were significant differences in daily activity rhythm between the two rodent species under situation of light to dark 12 h ∶12 h;Mandarin Voles were active in both dark and light duration and Kunming Mice were mainly active in dark period;3） L.mandarinus were little more active during time period with light,while Kunming Mice reduced their activity frequency when light was on although both species did not change their active rhythms under full dark treatment;4） M.musculus behaved a strict circadian rhythm while L.mandarinus showed a random active rhythm.The results from our research indicated that L.mandarinus has evolutionarily adapted to subterranean environment than M.musculus which derived from ground-lived ancestor.

关 键 词：棕色田鼠 昆明小鼠 光周期 昼夜节律 相对活动 

分 类 号：Q41[生物学—生理学]