青海省海东地区小型兽空间生态位分析  

Spatial Niche Analysis of the Small Mammals in Haidong Region of Qinghai Province,China

作　　者：马英[1] 魏有文[1] 罗军[1] 鲁亮 刘起勇 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所,西宁811602 [2]中国CDC传染病预防控制所,北京102206

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2011年第4期126-130,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2008BAI56B02);国家自然科学基金项目(No.31060279)

摘　　要：采用Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数对青海省海东地区不同生境的小型兽类群落进行研究。结果发现,捕获的18种小型兽中,柴达木根田鼠(Microtus limnophilus)的生态位宽度值最大(0.940),洮州绒(Caryomys eva)、黑线姬鼠(Apodemus agrarius)、褐家鼠(Rattusnorvegicus)、黄胸鼠(R.tanezumi)、社鼠(Niviventer confucianus)、花鼠(Tamias sibiricus)、小飞鼠(Pteromysvolans)、中国蹶鼠(Sicista concolor)、中鼩鼱(Sorex caecutiens)生态位宽度值最小(近似值为0)。18种小型兽的空间生态位重叠指数最大为1,最小为0。生态位完全重叠的物种具有较为相似的生物学特性和生态适应性,当资源丰富时,共同利用资源,在资源短缺时则发生竞争。生态位完全不重叠的种类,说明它们对自然资源利用存在明显的差异,生态位分化显著,不存在资源利用竞争。We analyzed the spatial niche breadth and spatial niche overlap of 18 species of small mammals in five habitats at Haidong region in Qinghai Province.Niche breadth indices of 18 species varied from 0 to 1.Microtus limnophilus had the highest index of the niche breadth（0.940） while Caryomys eva,Apodemus agrarius,Rattus norvegicus,R.tanezumi,Niviventer confucianus,Tamias sibiricus,Pteromys volans,Sicista concolor,Sorex caecutiens had the lowest index of the niche breadth,approximation to zero.Niche overlap indices also varied from 0 to 1.Those species that had completely spatial niche overlap indices would have very similarly biological characteristics and ecological adaptability.When the resources are abundant,small mammals use the resources altogether,otherwise it may lead to competition.Niche species that do not overlap showed obviously differences in using the natural resource and no competition due to significant niche differentiation.

关 键 词：小型兽 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 青海 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]