基于多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解的齿轮故障信号阶比分析  

Order Analysis of Gear Fault Signals Based on Multi-scale Chirplet and Sparse Signal Decomposition

作　　者：任凌志[1] 于德介[1] 彭富强[1] 皮维[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2011年第13期92-97,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50875078);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2009AA04Z414);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20060532009);湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室自主课题(60870002)资助项目

摘　　要：针对变转速齿轮箱故障振动信号调制边频带难以识别的问题,提出一种基于多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解的阶比分析方法。该方法先采用基于多尺度线调频基的稀疏信号分解方法对齿轮箱振动信号进行分解,提取齿轮的啮合分量与调制边频分量,由啮合分量的时频分布曲线得到瞬时转频估计,再基于获得的瞬时转频对啮合分量与调制边频分量之和进行等角度重采样,将非平稳的分量信号转化为平稳信号,对重采样后的信号进行阶比分析,诊断齿轮故障。与传统的直接对齿轮箱故障振动信号进行阶比分析的方法比较,结果表明,提出的基于多尺度线调频基稀疏信号分解的阶比分析方法抗噪性强,调制边频带识别效果好。仿真算例与应用实例验证了本方法的有效性。Aiming at the problem that the modulation sidebands of vibration signals of a gearbox with variable rotating speed are difficult to identify,an order analysis method based on multi-scale chirplet and sparse signal decomposition is proposed.In the proposed method,a vibration signal of gearbox is decomposed to obtain the meshing component and the modulation sidebands by using the sparse signal decomposition based on multi-scale chirplet and simultaneously,their instantaneous frequencies are obtained.Then the rotating speed signal can be obtained by software method without the tachometer.Based on the obtained rotating speed,the uniform angle resampling on the sum of the meshing component and the modulation sideband components are carried out,so the order spectrum of the resampled signals can be obtained and used in the fault diagnosis of the gearbox.Simulation and practical application examples show that the proposed method has a strong noise immunity and is better than the traditional order method in identifying the modulation sidebands.

关 键 词：稀疏信号分解 阶比分析 齿轮 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH165