药用植物北细辛小孢子发生及雄配子体发育的研究  

Research on microsporogenesis and development ofmale gametophyte in Asarum heterotropoides

作　　者：李媛[1] 吴秀菊[1,2] 金峰[1] 桂明珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院植物脱毒苗木研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2011年第3期274-279,共6页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后科研启动基金(LBH-Q06107)

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究了药用植物北细辛(Asarum heterotropoides)小孢子发生及雄配子体的发育过程。结果表明:北细辛有12枚雄蕊,上下两轮各6枚,相间排列。花药的着生方式为背着药,成熟花药开裂方式为纵裂。花药横切面呈碟形,具4个小孢子囊。小孢子母细胞减数分裂属于同时型,小孢子在四分体中的排列方式为四面体形和十字形。花药壁的发育方式为基本型,腺质绒毡层,在单核花粉粒发育过程中,绒毡层的内切向壁上有大量圆球状的乌氏体。成熟花粉粒为2-细胞型,扁球形,无明显萌发孔,外壁表面呈网纹状,具瘤状突起。Microsporogenesis and development of male gametophyte in Asarum heterotropoides was studied by using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.Results showed that there were 12 stamens,arrayed at interval in superior and lower whorl with each 6 stamens.Dorsifixed anther was longitudinal dehiscence.The transverse section of its anther with 4 microsporangia showed butterfly-like.Microspore mother cells meiosis was conformed to simultaneous type with tetrahedral and decussate tetrad.The development of the anther wall belonged to basic type.The tapetum was glandular,and a mass of ubisch body granules were found on its inner surface in the process of pollen grain development.The mature pollen grain was bicellular type and in the shape of ablate sphere with unconspicuous aperture.The surface of ektexine was composed of reticulate pattern with strumae.

关 键 词：北细辛 小孢子发生 雄配子体发育 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]