退火态12Cr13不锈钢显微组织及其对冲击韧性的影响  

MICROSTRUCTURE OF ANNEALED 12Cr13 STAINLESS STEEL AND ITS EFFECT ON THE IMPACT TOUGHNESS

作　　者：郝宪朝[1] 高明[1] 张龙[1] 赵秀娟[1] 刘奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《金属学报》2011年第7期912-916,共5页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

摘　　要：利用OM和SEM研究了核反应堆驱动机构用12Cr13不锈钢的组织特征,分析了退火态组织中碳化物形貌及其对冲击韧性的影响.实验结果表明,碳化物形貌是决定不锈钢冲击韧性的关键因素.分布在原马氏体晶粒内、尺寸细小、分布均匀的颗粒状碳化物可显著改善12Cr13的冲击性能;而分布在晶界上的块状和条状碳化物,以及铁素体晶粒内随机分布的大颗粒状碳化物,则严重恶化不锈钢的冲击韧性.退火温度对碳化物析出和分布具有较大影响,当退火处理温度由760℃升高到860℃时,碳化物尺寸增大,使得12Cr13不锈钢的冲击功由151J降低到106J;当碳化物完全消失且呈块状或条状分布时,不锈钢冲击功降低至5J.The microstructure and its effect on impact toughness of the annealed 12Cr13 stainless steel were investigated by OM and SEM. The results show that the morphology of carbides is the main factor that influences the impact properties. Globular-like, block or strip like carbides precipitated continuously during annealing. Fine globular-like carbides in the pre-existed martensite grains improved the impact toughness. Block or strip-like carbides at the grain boundaries or in the 5-ferrite grains are detrimental to the impact property. The annealing temperature has significant effect on the carbide precipitation behavior. With the annealing temperature increasing from 760℃ to 860 ℃, carbides coarsen resulting in the decrease of the impact energy from 151 J to 106 J. The sample with only block or strip-like carbides has low impact energy of 5 J.

关 键 词：12Cr13不锈钢 退火 碳化物 冲击韧性 

分 类 号：TF764.1[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]