氧化型染发剂遗传毒性作用的来源与特性  

The Genotoxicity of Oxidation Hair Dyes

作　　者：浦跃朴[1] 吕冬梅[1] 尹立红[1] 杨薇[2] 戴修道[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京铁道医学院环境卫生学教研室,南京210009 [2]上海医科大学环境卫生学教研室,上海200032

出　　处：《南京铁道医学院学报》1999年第4期222-224,共3页Journal of Nanjing Railway Medical College

基　　金：卫生部科技基金!资助项目(96 - 1 - 192)

摘　　要：目的:采用SOS/Umu 试验,对2 种市售氧化型染发剂,以及其中的2 种主要成分双氧水(H2O2)和对苯二胺(PPD) 及两者反应混合物的遗传毒性的性质与来源进行分析与探讨。方法:氧化型染发剂及主要组分对TA1535/PSK1002 菌株染毒2 h 后,检测其β- 半乳糖苷酶诱导率。结果:市售氧化型染发剂与实验室模拟试验的结果呈现高度的一致性,其组分和混合物的SOS/Umu 间接试验( + S9) 均为阴性。实验室模拟试验中,PPD无直接遗传毒性,但空气氧化可使PPD直接致遗传毒作用的危险性增高;H2O2 有较强的直接遗传毒性作用且有剂量—反应关系(r= 0.981,P< 0.01) 。用不同浓度的H2O2 氧化相同浓度的PPD,反应混合物的遗传毒性有所增大(r= 0.981,P< 0.01) ;若用低浓度的H2O2 氧化不同浓度的PPD,排除混合物中残余H2O2 的可能性,反应混合物的遗传毒作用也明显增大(r= 0 .994,P< 0.01) 。结论:氧化型染发剂组分中的H2O2 以及PPD与H2O2 的氧化产物均具有直接遗传毒性作用;受空气氧化后。Objective:The experiment was designed to determine the genotoxicity of black oxidation hair dyes and their two main components —p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) as well as their mixture by SOS/Umu assay. Methods: TA1535/PSK1002 strains were exposed to oxidation hair dyes and the components for 2?h and β-galactosidase activity was assayed.Results:Without S9 activation, the 1st component of the hair dyes showed no genotoxicity, while the 2nd component of the dyes and the mixture of the components showed genotoxicity and dose-responsive relationships. On the other hand, purified PPD has no genotoxicity, but when it was oxidized in air, the risk of genotoxicity of PPD could be increased.H 2O 2 had a direct genotoxicity. When H 2O 2 of different concentration was mixed with PPD in a high concentration, genotoxicity of the mixture was increased( r =0.987, P <0.01). When PPD of different concentration was oxidized by H 2O 2 in a low concentration to eliminate H 2O 2 residue in the mixture, genotoxicity of the mixture was also increased ( r =0.994, P < 0.01). With S9 activation, all the tested samples did not show genotoxicity. Conclusion: The genotoxicity of oxidation hair dyes is the result from the effect not only of H 2O 2 but also of oxidized product of PPD. The tendency of genotoxicity of PPD might be increased when PPD was oxidized by air.

关 键 词：氧化型染发剂 对苯二胺 过氧化氢 遗传毒性 

分 类 号：R194.7[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] TQ658.34[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]