球孢白僵菌与几种化学杀虫剂和除草剂的相容性  

Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana to Some Chemical Insecticides and Herbicides

作　　者：蔡悦[1] 张胜利[1] 李增智[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学微生物防治省重点实验室,合肥230036

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2011年第3期316-323,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(重点项目30330500);教育部高等学校博士点专项科研基金(200503644001)

摘　　要：针对真菌杀虫剂杀虫较慢、致死率较低的缺点,在IPM中常将其与亚致死量的化学农药混用,为此需不断测定其与各种新上市农药的相容性。本研究测定了当前农药市场上销售的7种杀虫剂和3种除草剂对10株球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana孢子萌发率、生长速度和产孢量的影响。结果表明,所有供试杀虫剂和除草剂在常规使用浓度下对球孢白僵菌分生孢子萌发都有显著抑制作用,抑制作用随农药浓度的降低而减弱;8%氯氰菊酯(绿色威雷微胶囊剂CM)、30%草除灵(草除灵悬浮剂BN)和6.9%精噁唑禾草灵(精噁唑禾草灵水乳剂FE)在稀释10倍后对孢子萌发无显著抑制作用。所有杀虫剂和除草剂在常规浓度下对菌丝生长均有显著抑制作用,1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(威克达乳油EB)、40%毒死蜱(毒死蜱乳油CP)、4.5%氯氰菊酯(高效氯氰菊酯乳油BC)和8%氯氰菊酯稀释10倍后的抑制作用较小,8%氯氰菊酯甚至对RCEF0894菌丝生长有促进作用。所有杀虫剂和除草剂对产孢量均有极显著的抑制作用。综合比较,在与供试农药混用时,菌株RCEF0013和RCEF0383的产孢较好,而菌株RCEF0895、RCEF0896和RCEF0897菌丝生长较快。8%氯氰菊酯、30%草除灵和6.9%精噁唑禾草灵与球孢白僵菌的相容性相对较好,是菌药混用可能选择的对象。Fungal insecticides are often mixed with sublethal dose of chemical pesticides against pest insects in IPM to overcome their shortcomings of slow pathogenesis and low virulence.The compatibility of fungal spores to newly marketed pesticides should be investigated before the mixed use.In the present study,impacts of 7 insecticides and 3 herbicides on current market on conidial germination,growth speed and sporulation of 10 isolates of Beauveria bassiana were tested.Results showed that all the pesticides inhibited spore germination at conventional concentration and the inhibition declined as the concentration was decreased.Diluted by 10 times,8% cypermethrin,30% benazolin and 6.9% fenoxaprop-ethyl became not significantly inhibitory.All pesticides significantly inhibited mycelium growth under conventional concentration.Inhibition on some isolates by 1% emamectin benzoate,40% chlorpyrifos,4.5% beta-cypermethrin and 8% cypermethrin was significantly reduced after diluted by 10 times,while 8% cypermethrin even promoted growth of RCEF0894.All the pesticides inhibited sporulation extremely significantly.As an integrated comparison,when mixed with the above pesticides,RCEF0013 and RCEF0383 sporulated the most abundantly,while mycelia of RCEF0895,RCEF0896 and RCEF0897 grew the most rapidly.8% cypermethrin,30% benazolin and 6.9% fenoxaprop-ethyl showed a comparatively higher compatibility with B.bassiana,providing IPM program good candidates of insecticides and herbicides for mixed use with fungal insecticides.

关 键 词：球孢白僵菌 杀虫剂 除草剂 萌发率 相容性 

分 类 号：S476.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482.4[农业科学—植物保护]