指数施肥方式对切花菊生长及其土壤性质的影响  

Effects of exponential fertilization on yield and soil properties in cut chrysanthemum

作　　者：魏莎[1] 李素艳[1] 孙向阳[1] 张骅[1] 郝利锋[1] 张强[1] 王敬国[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学,北京100191

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2011年第4期54-58,89,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"设施园艺退化土壤修复与高效利用技术研究(2006BAD07B03)"

摘　　要：在大田试验条件下,根据矿质稳态营养的理论对连续种植切花菊的施肥方式进行研究,讨论了指数施肥方式对连续种植的切花菊品质、产量、养分吸收和土壤性质的影响。结果表明,在完整的生长期内,指数施肥处理(EF)产量高于一次性施入全部肥料处理(MCK)、直线施肥(SF)、平均施肥(AF),分别为28.04%、13.23%、14.2%。土壤性质变化结果显示,指数施肥处理可以有效降低土壤中的氮素残留。养分吸收结果显示,各施肥处理均能促进植株对养分的吸收并显著提高切花菊植株N、P、K等养分含量,其中指数施肥处理对切花菊生长的促进作用的效果最显著。本文通过对指数施肥的研究提供了切花菊的规模生产养分高效利用的新思路,并发现通过该方法可以有效解决土壤富营养化问题,减少土壤连作危害。In the field experiment conditions,according to the theory of steady-state mineral nutrition,we discussed the effect ion of this methods to cut chrysanthemum quality,yield,nutrient uptake and soil properties.The results showed that：In the full growth period,the exponential fertilization（EF）yields were higher than the one-time fertilizer was applied to all（MCK）,straight fertilizer（SF）,the average fertilization（AF）,and increased by 28.04%,13.23%,14.2% respectively.The results showed that soil properties change,the exponentia fertilization could reduce the residual nitrogen in soil.Nutrient uptake results showed that the fertilization treatments significantly increased chrysanthemum plant N,P,K,and promote the absorption of nutrients in plants.Exponential fertilization was more effective than other treatments.This test could be the size of cut chrysanthemum production of methods and to improve the efficient use of nutrients in the soil of nutrients,reducing soil even for harm.

关 键 词：切花菊 指数施肥 土壤连作 养分富集 稳态营养 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]