基于GIS气象要素空间插值方法在巴彦淖尔市冬季公路的养护应用  

Application of Spatial Interpolation Method of GIS on Meteorological Element in Highway Maintenance in Winter in Bayan Nor City

作　　者：高贵荣[1] 杨北华 王瑞红[1] 张静[1] 张正英[1] 杨青[1] 

机构地区：[1]巴彦淖尔市气象局,内蒙古临河015000

出　　处：《内蒙古气象》2011年第3期23-27,共5页Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia

摘　　要：针对内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市气象站点分布情况,以2000—2009年9个气象站点(临河,杭锦后旗,五原,磴口,乌拉特前、中、后三旗,海力素,大佘太)的年平均降水和温度为基础数据,通过GIS空间分析中的空间数据插值方法,分别建立平均降水和温度与海拔、经纬度之间的回归方程;在此基础上,建立模拟站点来增加气象数据的信息量。分别采用反距离加权法、径向基函数法、趋势面分析和普通克里格法几种插值方法进行比较插值分析。误差分析表明没有绝对最优的空间插值方法,只有在特定的条件下的最有效方法,对于降水量插值来说三次样条小波插值法是最好的;比较分析的结果表明,模拟站点的加入大大提高了插值的精度,普通克里格法比反距离加权法和径向基函数法具有更为理想的插值效果;并据此理论分析对空间插值在冬季高速公路养护方面的应用问题进行阐述。According to the distribution situation of Bayan Nor meteorological stations,based on annual average precipitation and air temperature data of 9 meteorological stations from 2000 to 2009 years,the regression equations was established between mean precipitation and temperature with altitude,latitude and longitude,on this basis,the meteorological data simulation site were established to increase the amount of information.Compared with inverse distance weighted（IDW）,Radial basis function（RBF）,Trend surface analysis（TS）,Ordinary Kriging（OK） and many kinds of interpolation methods to analyze meteorological data.Error analysis showed that there was not absolutely best spatial interpolation method,only under certain conditions there was the most effective way,for precipitation interpolation the best method was wavelet cubic spline interpolation.Comparative analysis results showed that the virtual site greatly enhanced the accuracy of interpolation.The ordinary kriging was more desirable than inverse distance weighted and radial basis functions interpolation method,and the spatial interpolation in the application about winter highway maintenance was described according to this theoretical analysis.

关 键 词：空间数据插值 虚拟站点 冬季高速公路养护 

分 类 号：P407[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]