基于夏普里值过程的农村居民收入差距分解  

Income Inequality of Rural Residents:Decomposition Based on the Method of Shapley Value Progress

作　　者：王瑜[1] 汪三贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2011年第8期15-21,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:70603031);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71073164);中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目

摘　　要：认识农村居民收入差距现状并研究引致收入差距的因素,对缩小收入差距的政策制定有重要意义。本文利用内蒙古和甘肃2个省1 500户农户的截面数据,采用夏普里值过程对Gini系数、Theil指数、Atkinson指数这三个不平等指标进行回归分解。分解结果稳健地发现,以县域为代理变量的外部环境因素对收入差距具有重要影响,非农劳动力、培训比和家庭男劳动力比对收入差距的相对贡献度较大,而平均年龄、家庭人口和平均教育对收入差距的相对贡献较小。作为社会网络的人情收支和作为物质资本的人均土地面积对收入差距的贡献极小。从缓解中国西部农村地区间的不平等的角度看,长期而言,支持和促进地区经济发展,增加非农就业机会,提供平等的教育和培训机会,有利于缓解收入不平等。而在城市化进程中,处理好土地问题,避免作为物质资本的土地成为引致不平等的因素,对于未来控制不平等状况有重要意义。Realizing the current situation of income disparity among rural residents and also the relevant factors contributing to the inequality is important for social planners to formulate certain policies to narrow the income gap.Based on the cross-section data of 1 500 peasant households from the Inner Mongolia and Gansu province,this paper finds the income inequality of rural residents by Gini index,Theil index and Atkinson index,and then carries out regression decomposition of these three unequal indexes by the method of Shapley Value progress.The decomposition results consistently show that the county as a proxy variable of the external environment factors to the income gap has important influence,and non-farm workforce scale,ratio of training and ratio of male labor in the family make relatively greater contribution to the income gap,and the average age,family population and average family education level make relatively smaller contribution.Custom expenditures as social network capital and the land area per capita as material capital make little contribution.From the perspective of reducing inequality in the rural areas of west China,supporting and promoting regional economic development,increasing non-farm jobs,and providing equal education opportunities and training opportunities can reduce the income inequality in the long term.And in the process of urbanization,correctly dealing with land problems and preventing land from becoming contribution factors to income inequality will have important meaning for future control of income gap.

关 键 词：农村居民 收入不平等 夏普里值过程 回归分解 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]