女性冠心病临床特征与冠状动脉病变特点分析  

Analysis for the clinical characteristics of coronary heart disease and features of coronary artery lesions in female patients with coronary heart disease

作　　者：王永军[1] 黄榕翀[2] 周旭晨[2] 张妍[2] 佘在霞[3] 赵军魁[4] 石勇 马爱蕊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省胸科医院心内科,石家庄市050041 [2]大连医科大学附属第一医院心内科 [3]河北省邯郸市中心医院泌尿外科 [4]峰峰矿务局总医院ICU [5]河北省邱县人民医院心内科

出　　处：《河北医药》2011年第16期2405-2407,共3页Hebei Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨女性冠心病的临床特征与冠状动脉病变特点,以提高诊治水平。方法以男性为对照,回顾性分析246例女性冠心病患者的临床资料及冠状动脉造影结果。结果女性冠心病发病年龄较男性晚(P<0.05);绝经为女性冠心病的特殊危险因素,绝经后雌二醇水平降低,脂质代谢紊乱加重;高血压、高血脂、肥胖及糖尿病是女性冠心病的重要危险因素,有高血压、糖尿病、肥胖者显著高于男性(P<0.05);女性吸烟者显著低于男性(P<0.05)。女性不典型心绞痛及非特异性ST-T改变多于男性;女性急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死显著高于男性,而急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死显著低于男性(P<0.05)。女性冠状动脉病变以单支病变多见,左前降支最易受累,女性多支病变多于男性(P<0.05)。女性选择性介入治疗明显少于男性(P<0.05)。结论女性冠心病具有独特的临床特征及冠状动脉病变特点,应加强对女性冠心病防治的研究。Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of coronary heart disease and features of coronary artery lesions in female patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） in order to enhance the diagnostic and therapeutic levels. Methods The clinical date and results of selected coronary angiography in 246 female patients with CHD were retrospectively analyzed, and 358 male patients with CHD were served as the controls. Results The age of female patients with CHD was significantly older than that of males （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and menopause was special risk factor for female patients with CHD, The decrease of estradiol after menopause, aggratated lipid metabolic disorder, hypertention, hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes mellitus were major risk factors in female patients with CHD. The incidences of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity in female patients with CHD were significantly higher than those in males （ P 〈 0.05 ）, however, the number of female of smoking was significantly lower than that of males（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The atypical angina pectoris and non - specificity ST-T changes in female patients were much more than those of males, and the incidence of acute NSTEMI in female patients was significantly higher than that in males, however, the incidence of acute STEMI was significantly lower than that in females （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The single vessel localized stenosis in LAD was typical lesions in female patients, and multiple-vessel lesion in females was much more than that in males （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The female patients who chose PCI were obviously less than male patients （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Condnsion There are special clinical characteristics and features of coronary artery lesions in female patients with CHD, so the study on the prevention and treatment for CHD in female patients should be enhanced.

关 键 词：女性 冠心病 临床特征 冠状动脉造影 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]