2006-2010年夏季青海湖浮游植物研究  

Study on the phytoplankton in Qinghai Lake during summer of 2006—2010

作　　者：姚维志[1] 史建全 祁洪芳[2] 杨建新[2] 贾砾[1] 普炯[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院/西南大学渔业资源环境研究中心,水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,重庆400716 [2]青海省裸鲤救护中心,西宁810006

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2011年第3期22-28,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：青海省科技厅“青海湖裸鲤淡水全人工养殖”

摘　　要：2006—2010年夏季对青海湖14个采样点浮游植物的种类组成和生物量进行了调查。共发现浮游植物5门29属34种,其中硅藻门14属18种,蓝藻门4属4种,绿藻门8属8种,裸藻门2属2种,甲藻门1属1种。硅藻门是种类组成上最重要的类群。斯潘塞布纹藻Gyrosigma spenceri、尖布纹藻G.acuminatum、梅尼小环藻Cyclo-tella ocellata、二形栅藻Scenedesmus dimorphus是出现频率最高的种类。与1960年代的调查结果相比,浮游植物属的数量减少了24个,其中硅藻门减少了9个属,原来全湖广泛分布的刚毛藻Cladophora也很少出现。调查期间青海湖浮游植物平均密度为61289～117250 cells/L,平均生物量为0.76～1.09 mg/L。斯潘塞布纹藻和尖布纹藻也是数量最多的种类。浮游植物生物量与水体透明度间具有显著线性关系。A study on the species compositions and biomass of the phytoplankton of 14 sampling stations in Qinghai Lake was conducted in the summer during 2006—2010.34 species of phytoplankton of 29 genus,5 divisions were identified,including 14 genus 18 species of Bacillariaphyta,4 genus 4 species of Cyanophyta,8 genus 8 species of Cholorophyta,2 genus 2 species of Euglenophyta,1 genus 1 species of Pyrrophyta.Bacillariaphyta was the most important division in the species composition.Gyrosigma spenceri,G.acuminatum,Cyclotella ocellata,Scenedesmus dimorphus were the species with higest appeareance rate.Compared with 1960s,the phytoplankton declined by 24 genus,inclinding 9 genus of Bacillariaphyta,and Cladophora,a genus once distributed all over the lake,was found scarcely.The main reason for the changes of the species compositions of the phytoplakton in Qinghai Lake was the droop of the water environment quality caused by human activities.In summmer of 2006—2010,the average densities of the phytoplankton were 61289～117250 cells/L,the average biomass were 0.76～1.09 mg/L.There was a notable linear relationship between the biomass of the phytoplankton and the Sacchii′s depthes.

关 键 词：青海湖 浮游植物 藻类 富营养化 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源] Q178.51[农业科学—水产科学]