贵州省稻作植保情况调查  

Survey of Plant Protection Situation in Rice Production of Guizhou Province

作　　者：王召[1] 杨洪[1] 汪学俭[1] 金道超[1] 金星 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学昆虫研究所贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省植保植检站,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2011年第4期300-304,共5页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：973计划前期研究专项(2009CB125908);贵州省农业科技攻关[黔科合NY字(2010)3064号];贵州省教育厅自然科学基金项目(黔教2010011)

摘　　要：为了解贵州省水稻种植中植保农事现状,科学指导农户正确有效地防治水稻病虫害,于2010年在贵州省6县开展了水稻种植植保农事调查。调查以户为单位,调查内容包括水稻品种、播种移栽及收割时间、施肥情况、施药时期、施药方式、防治对象、药剂种类、施药次数等,调查发放问卷300份,回收193份,回收率为64.33%。结果显示:贵州省水稻种植品种多样化;不同地区农业耕作发展水平不一致,施肥水平差异较大;在田间防治时,农户不能准确掌握防治时期,防治目标不明确,在水稻生育时期,施药次数为4～6次,国家禁用农药仍有施用。贵州省水稻种植过程中主要存在从事植保农事人员文化水平较低;农户盲目、滥用农药现象突出;缺乏有效的信息指导技术等问题。To understand the status of plant protection in rice of Guizhou Province, so as to provide a reference for the control of rice disease and pests, the plant protection in rice planting period was surveyed for individual household in six counties of Guizhou in 2010, includi.ng rice cuhivar, time of seeding and harvest, fertilizer use, times and frequency of spraying, controUing target, sorts of pesticides, methods of pesticides application etc. The questionnaires of 300 copies were provided, 193 copies were retrieved and the recovery ratio was 64.33% in the survey The results indicated that cultivars and fertilizers used varied highly, and ag- riculture development level also diversified among the investigated regions. In the paddy control, the optimal time could not be grasped accurately by the farmers, the control target wasn＇ t explicit. During rice growth period, the spraying times focused on 4 - 6 times, and illegal pesticides was still used. Additionally, there were some social problems affecting rice cultivation, including low education background, blindfold and abusing of pesticides, the lack of effective information and techniques etc. Some suggestions were also put for ward for improvement of plant protection activities.

关 键 词：水稻 植保 农药 调查 

分 类 号：S48[农业科学—农药学] S511[农业科学—植物保护]