北京市2010年新生儿听力筛查状况及影响因素分析  

Universal Newborn Hearing Screening in Beijing in 2010 and Its Related Factors

作　　者：张晚霞[1] 袁雪[1] 陈雪辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院,北京妇幼保健院,北京市100026

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2011年第7期691-694,共4页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

摘　　要：目的统计北京市2010年新生儿听力筛查状况,分析相关因素对质量指标的影响。方法自制问卷对全市106家助产机构2010年的新生儿听力筛查状况进行调查,并结合2010年新生儿听力筛查上报资料进行统计描述。结果 2010年全市106家已开展听力筛查的助产机构共筛查新生儿159888人,听力筛查初筛率91.99%,初筛未通过率10.32%;复筛率72.30%,复筛未通过率13.27%;两步筛查后需转诊率0.99%。本市户籍新生儿的初筛率和复筛率较外地户籍新生儿高,城区助产机构的初筛率和复筛率较远郊区县助产机构高。不同助产机构的地区分布、筛查仪器的品牌和类型、筛查场地、初筛次数及筛查人员职称结构和在岗稳定性等因素影响下的初筛未通过率有显著性差异,其中城区助产机构高于远郊区县,畸变产物耳声发射高于瞬态声诱发耳声发射,床旁筛查高于独立房间内筛查,住院期间仅接受1次初筛高于重复筛查。结论 2010年北京市本市户籍听力筛查质量指标接近发达国家水平。要进一步提高初筛率,重点应放在外地户籍和农村地区的筛查管理上。规范筛查仪器、筛查人员资质、筛查环境和筛查技术要求,有助于将筛查质量指标维持在合理化区间。Objective To describe the results of the Universal Newborn Hearing Screening（UNHS） in Beijing in 2010;and investigate the factors related with the results.Methods The result of the UNHS investigated by 106 maternity hospitals were reported.These hospitals were investigated with the self-made questionnaire.Results In 2010,159888 infants（91.99%） were screened in 106 maternity hospitals in Beijing as the 1st stage UNHS.10.32% of them failed OAE tests.72.30% received the 2nd stage UNHS and 13.27% of them failed tests again.The referral rate was 0.99% in the end.The screening rate of both the 1st and 2nd stage was more in the newborn with Beijing house-hold registration than in those with other household registration,as well as the hospitals in urban than in rural areas.For the rate fail in the 1st stage UNHS,it was more in hospitals in urban than in rural areas,with distortion product otoacoustic emission（DPOAE） than with tran-sient evoked otoacoustic emissions（TEOAE）,by the bed than in the special room,and screening only once than screening again.Conclu-sion The quality of UNHS is as high as in the developed countries in the newborn with Beijing household registration.To further improve the screening rate,it is important to focus on the newborn with other household registers and the hospitals in rural areas.The instrument,per-sonnel qualifications,environment and operation need to be further standardized.

关 键 词：新生儿 听力筛查 初筛率 初筛通过率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R764.43[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]