台阶轴径向锻造锤头数对锻透性和生产率的影响  

Effects of radial forging die number on forging penetration efficiency and production rate of stepped shaft

作　　者：周旭东[1] 刘香茹[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]河南科技大学物理与工程学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《锻压技术》2011年第4期26-29,共4页Forging & Stamping Technology

摘　　要：采用Deform-3D对四锤头和两锤头径向热锻45钢台阶轴过程进行了数值模拟,依据等效塑性应变、平均应力和平均塑性应变在锻件中的分布来研究锻透性及揭示锻件端部缩孔的本质。结果表明:锻件中心的等效应变均大于零,说明10%的压下量已能锻透;锤头数目对锻件中心等效塑性应变的影响不大。采用锻件中心平均应力描述锻件内部的静水压力,考察其压应力状态,两锤头和四锤头锻造时锻件芯部的平均应力均为负值。在锻件表层之下存在压应变层、在芯部存在拉应变芯,这是锻件端部产生缩孔的原因。随着锤头数目的增加,轴向拉打速度成比例增加,生产率也增加。The numerical thermal mechanical simulations of radial forging process of C45 steel stepped shaft in radial forging both with four dies and with two dies were carried out by Deform 3D.According to the effective plastic strain,mean stress and mean plastic strain distribution in the forging,the forging penetration efficiency（FPE） and the phenomena of deep sinkage in the end of forging were studied.The results show that the effective plastic strain in the center of the forging are always larger than zero,which means the forging being forged penetrated even with 10% draught per pass.The effect of dies number of radial forging on the effective plastic strain in the center of the billet is very similar and its difference is not larger enough.The mean stress in the center of the forging is proposed to describe hydrostatic pressure in the forging,so that the stress state in the center of the forging would be investigated.Both with two dies and four dies,all of the mean stress in the center of the forging are negative.There is compressive strain layer beneath the surface of the forging,while there is tensile strain core in the center of the forging,this can be used to explain the phenomena of deep sinkage in the end of forging.In addition,as the die number n increases,the radial forging axial feed rate v also increases in proportion,and the production rate increases too.

关 键 词：径向锻造 锻透性 台阶轴 有限元方法 端部缩孔 

分 类 号：TG316[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]