2008年初南方冻雨云物理过程的模拟研究  

Simulation Study on Microphysical Process of Freezing-Rain Event in Southern China during the Early 2008

作　　者：黎惠金[1,2] 李江南[1] 林文实[1] 蒙伟光[3] 肖辉[4] 王安宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510275 [2]广西来宾市气象局,广西来宾546100 [3]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东广州510080 [4]中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2011年第4期942-950,共9页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所开放基金项目;中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目(IAP09308);国家自然科学基金项目(40730951)共同资助

摘　　要：利用中尺度模式MM5V3.7,模拟了2008年初发生在我国南方地区最强的一次冻雨云物理过程。结果表明,这次冻雨过程期间有两条明显的水汽通道,上升运动明显。冻雨区上空主要以低空云水和雨水,特别是云水的积聚为主,中高空有少量雪花和微量的冰晶。与冻雨区相比,非冻雨区过冷却水含量大,主要位于低空,高空没有霰,雪花也明显偏少。这主要是因为冻雨区的上升气流弱,高空水汽不饱和。在降雨区,靠近0℃线以上为冰相降水,以下为雨水。在冻雨区,冰相粒子没有落在0℃线附近,雨水顶也不在0℃线附近,这次冻雨的云物理过程属于液相暖雨机制。造成此次巨大灾害的原因除了冻雨外,还有雾凇和水汽的凝华附凇作用,正是由于雨凇和雾凇复合积冰的共同作用,导致了这次冻雨过程的冻雨量不大,但灾情却异常严重。A case of freezing-rain weather in southern China during the early 2008 was simulated by the model MM5V3.7.The simulated results show that there are two obvious water vapor channels during the freezing-rain process,and the ascending motion is significant. Over the freezing-rain areas,there are the accumulation of cloud-and rain-water,especially the former on the lower-level,but with less snow flake and a little ice crystals on mid-and upper-levels. Comparing with the freezing-rain area,over no freezing rain areas the supercooled water has larger volume,but it is mainly on the lower level,and there is no graupel,snowflake is much less on the upper level. The main reason is that the updraft over the ice rain area is weak,and the vapor in the air is not saturated.In the rainfall area,the ice-phase rainfall is just above the 0 ℃ line,and rain water is just below 0 ℃ line.But in the ice rain area,the ice-phase particles do not fall to the 0 ℃ line,and the top of rain water is not against the line neither.The cloud physics of ice rain belongs to liquid-phase warm rain mechanism.The reasons of caused huge severe disaster are not only just the ice rain,but the desublimation effect of the rime and vapor.Just because the combined icing action of glazed and fog frosts led to the severe disaster,but the ice rain amount was not big during the ice rain process.

关 键 词：南方冻雨 云物理过程 数值模拟 雾淞 雨淞 

分 类 号：P426.63[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]