哈尔滨地区风尘黄土重矿物特征及物源分析  

Heavy mineral characteristics of eolian loess deposits in Harbin area and its provenance implications

作　　者：康春国[1,2] 李长安[3] 谢远云[4] 常征[2] 高梅香[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学教育部长江三峡库区地质灾害研究中心,湖北武汉430074 [2]哈尔滨学院地理系,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]哈尔滨师范大学地球科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2011年第4期43-51,共9页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：黑龙江省教育厅科技研究项目(11544030);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(G201027);国家自然科学基金项目(41072259)

摘　　要：哈尔滨地区分布有很多第四纪以来的风尘黄土沉积物。风尘黄土已被证实为干冷天气条件下,大风吹扬起来的沙尘沉积而形成的。针对这些沙尘物质的来源问题,采用从"源"到"汇"的物源示踪方法,采集了哈尔滨地区具有代表性的风尘黄土沉积物,以及松花江及其主要支流的河流沉积物、科尔沁沙地沉积物以及吉林地区的黄土沉积物作为主要研究对象,利用沉积物中重矿物组合、特征矿物,重矿物的百分含量、稳定系数、石英/长石、ZTR指数、ATi指数和GZi指数等多项指标进行分析,并结合东北地区岩性分布以及亚洲季风特征。研究结果显示,哈尔滨地区各地分布的风尘黄土各项重矿物指标具有很好的一致性,且与近源的松花江等河流沉积物相同;哈尔滨地区沿松花江干流河谷分布的风尘黄土沉积物物源主要来自于近源的松花江流域内的大小兴安岭及东部山地广泛分布的花岗岩类的风化碎屑。Quaternary eolian deposits largely distribute in the Harbin area. The dust has been proved to be composed of dust carried by wind. The samples were taken from the representative local loess deposit, fluvial sediments at the Songhua River drainage, Horqin Sandy Land and the loess deposits at Changchun and Songyuan. Heavy mineral analysis was carried out on the samples including the species, assemblage and the percentage content of certain kind of heavy minerals. Besides indices such as ZTR, ATi, GZi, quartz/feldspar and stability coefficient were also carried out. Combined with the lithology of northeast China and the characteristics of the Asian Monsoon, provenance of the eolian deposits in the Harbin area was deciphered. The results show that heavy mineral characteristics of the loess deposits in the Harbin area are quite identical. Hornblende is the characteristic mineral of the loess deposits in the Harbin area and fluvial sediments in the Songhua River drainage and its main tributaries including Nenjiang River, Diersonghua River, Lalin River, and Mountain and east mountain area. These rocks could Ashi River. Granite rocks largely distribute in the Xing＇ an be easily eroded and transported by the Songhua River. We conclude that these debris made great contributions to the formation of the loess deposit in the Harbin area.

关 键 词：哈尔滨地区 风成沉积物 黄土 重矿物 物源 

分 类 号：P425.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]