“5．12”汶川地震诱发滑坡特征参数统计分析  

Statistical analysis of characteristic parameters of landslides triggered by May 12,2008 Wenchuan earthquake

作　　者：许冲[1,2] 戴福初[2] 肖建章[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所,国家地震活断层研究中心,北京100029 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2011年第4期147-153,共7页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40821160550)

摘　　要：2008年5月12日四川省汶川县发生了Ms 8.0级大地震,震后遥感影像解译与调查结果表明,在约48 700km2的区域内,地震诱发了不少于48000处的滑坡灾害。基于GIS空间分析方法,分别使用滑坡面积与滑坡数量这两个统计参数,对滑坡的地层岩性、坡度、滑向、高程、所在烈度区、上下盘位置和与发震断裂的距离等共7个参数进行了统计分析。统计结果表明,汶川地震滑坡多发育在(1)砂岩、粉砂岩、千枚岩与灰岩地层中;(2)坡度为30°～50°,尤其是35°～45°范围内;(3)沿着垂直于发震断裂SEE方向运动;(4)高程为800～2000m,尤其是1000～1600m范围内;(5)Ⅷ～Ⅺ烈度区范围内;(6)发震断裂的上盘:(7)距离发震断裂40km,尤其是10km的区域内。On May 12, 2008, a catastrophic earthquake with moment magnitude of 8.0 struck the Sichuan Province of China. As of October 8, 2008, this earthquake claimed 69229 lives and injured 374643 people, with further 17923 listed as missing. By ues of aerial photographs and multi - source remote sensing imageries and field investigations, slope failures and catastrophic landslides induced by ground motion were extensively mapped. The Wenchuan earthquake triggered more than 48000 landslides over a broad area of about 48 700 km2 in a pattern that is roughly located in the northeast direction of the epicentre, or roughly concentric about the macro - epicentre. The purpose of this paper is to make a statistical analysis of the characteristic parameters of Wenchuan earthquake - triggered landslides using two indices based on geographic information system （GIS） ： the landslide area （LA） and the landslide population （LP）. We analyzed seven characteristic parameters of seismic landslides such as the formation lithology, slope angle, slip direction, elevation, seismic intonsity, hanging wall or footwall, and distances to earthquake causative fault. This study supports the view that （ 1 ） the lithology of sandstone, siltstone, phyllite, and limestone;（2） slope angle between 30° to 50°, especially between 35° to 45°; （3） perpendicular to earthquake causative fault, that is SEE direction; （4） elevation between 800m to 2000m, especially between 1000m to 1600m; （5） seismic intensity zones between vm and XI; （6） hanging wall of earthquake causative fault; （7） distances to earthquake causative fault of 40km, especially 10kin are high- incidence zones of Wenchuan earthquaketriggered landsliding.

关 键 词：汶川地震 滑坡 特征参数 统计分析 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]