天然降雨对黄土坡地土壤侵蚀和养分流失的影响  

Effect of Natural Rainfall on Soil Erosion and Nutrient Loss in Loess Slope Land

作　　者：刘旦旦[1] 王健[1] 尹武君[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2011年第8期17-20,24,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑课题(2006BAD29B03);中科院知识创新项目(KSCX1-YW-09-07-02/4);西北农林科技大学科研启动项目(Z111020827)

摘　　要：选渭北旱原东部合阳县甘井镇为试验地,以研究天然降雨和坡度对黄土高原土壤侵蚀以及土壤养分流失的影响。研究区的径流小区被设置为5°、10°、15°3个坡度的坡面,采用径流场观测法,对一定降雨条件下的产流产沙量以及土壤养分流失量进行测定研究。实验结果表明:在相同坡度的径流小区中,产流量、产沙量以及土壤养分的流失量均随着降雨量的增加而增加;相同降雨条件下不同坡度的径流小区,产流产沙量随着坡度的增大而持续增加,并且5°～10°的变化程度大于10°～15°的变化程度,土壤养分流失也随着坡度的增加而增加。In order to research the effect of natural rainfall and slope on soil erosion and soil nutrient loss in the Loess Plateau,the GanJing Town of Heyang County in Weibei is selected to conduct the experiment.The slopes of runoff plots are set to 5°,10°,15°.The amount of runoff yield,sediment transport and soil nutrient loss are measured with the method of observation in the runoff field.The results show that in the case of the same slope,the amount of runoff yield,sediment transport and soil nutrient loss all increase with the increase of rainfall.Besides,under the condition of the same rainfall,the amount of runoff yield and the sediment transport all increase with the increase of the slope.And the variation degree from 5 ° to 10 ° is larger than that of 10 ° to 15 °,and the soil nutrients loss also increases with the increase of the slope.

关 键 词：天然降雨 坡度 土壤侵蚀 养分流失 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]