制革清洁化技术的进展  

Development of Technologies of Clean Production of Leather-making

作　　者：罗建勋[1] 李靖[1] 廖学品[1] 石碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国皮革》2011年第17期30-33,共4页China Leather

摘　　要：就皮化材料与清洁化制革的关系、目前传统制革工艺中存在的严重污染问题及针对这些问题近年来采取的新的方法进行了探讨,指出清洁化是我国制革行业的必由之路,清洁化制革工艺与皮化材料的关系非常密切,只有研发出相应新型的、高吸收的、功能型的、易降解型的各类化工材料,才合乎清洁化生产的要求。在制革工艺中采用生物酶制剂辅助浸水脱脂、无硫脱毛与无灰浸碱工艺、无铵脱灰/碱等改造传统工艺,减少污染;采取高吸收铬鞣、无铬或少铬鞣制,提高铬的吸收率或克服铬鞣的弊端;在染整中,合成并采用助剂辅助染料、复鞣剂和加脂剂等的吸收与结合。这几方面通过集成应用,方可减轻制革的污染,实现清洁化生产。同时,就皮革固废物的利用及水的循环使用问题提出些看法。The relations between the clean production of leather making and chemical materials, high pollution problems during traditional formulations of leather - making, and the new methods or measure during clean production for leather manufacture in recent years were discussed in this paper. It shows that the clear production is the only way for leather - making industry, and that there are close connections between the clean formulations and chemical materials. 0nly ff researchers has excogitated the new - type, high absorbable, multi - functional, easy - degradable chemical materials, it should meet the needs of clean production. It also shows that enzyme is used for assistant soaking and degreasing, the technology of de - fur without no - sulfide and liming without lime, and de - lime without ammonium salt in order to reconstruct traditional formulations and lighten the pollution. New chrome tannage with high absorption, the methods of non - chrome tannage or less chrome tannage was applied to increase the rate of absorption of chrome tannin or to get rid of the shortcoming of chrome tannage. In latter procedures some auxiliaries were syn- thesized and applied in order to increase the rate of absorption and reaction of dyestuff, retanning agents, fat - liquor, etc. Only are the new methods connected rationally in leather - making so as to achieve the clean production. At the same time, some views were given as to the reuse of leather wastes and recycle of water in leather - making.

关 键 词：制革 清洁化生产 工艺 材料 

分 类 号：TS54[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]