红尾伯劳适应性巢址选择研究  

Research of adaptive nest-site selection by the red-tailed shrike(Lanius cristatus)

作　　者：徐纯柱[1] 郭自荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2011年第8期117-122,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关项目(PC07S03);东北农业大学博士启动基金(2010RCB50)

摘　　要：文章旨在对2007～2010年间黑龙江省帽儿山和横道河子两处实习基地以及哈尔滨市内东北农业大学校园内的49处红尾伯劳(Lanius cristatus)巢址的生境因子进行分析。其中,在帽儿山和横道河子两个动物学实习基地发现红尾伯劳巢24个,东北农业大学校园内发现红尾伯劳巢25个。以巢址为中心做2 m×2 m的样方生境因子调查,主要检测了巢址选择各主成分特征值、巢址选择的转置因子成分矩阵和红尾伯劳校园与野外巢址样方特征比较等数据。结果表明,校园与野外环境中红尾伯劳巢址在巢位高度、植被盖度、隐蔽度等3个变量间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。红尾伯劳在校园环境中选择巢址的巢位高度和隐蔽度均较野外环境中的巢址高,而植被盖度明显低于野外环境中的红尾伯劳巢址。采用系统聚类分析方法可将红尾伯劳巢大致分成野外型和校园型两大类,红尾伯劳在两种环境中的巢址选择分化并非表现在单一生境因子的数量差别,而是表现为群体采取不同的隐蔽策略以适应人类活动的干扰。To investigate the adaptive nest-site selection by the red-tailed shrike（Lanius cristatus）,measurements to the environment factors of 49 nest-sites in the Northeast Agricultural University and the two practice bases of Maoershan and Hengdaohezi in Heilongjiang,of which 24 were from Maoershan and Hengdaohezi and 25 were from Northeast Agricultural University,were detected from 2007 to 2010.The investigation of habitat factors was made by the nest site for the center as the square of 2 m×2 m.Parameters selected in the study including： eigenvalues of principle components,rotated component matrix and the characteristic comparisions between the campus samples and the field ones.The results showed that three variables of nest height,vegetation cover,concealment were significantly different between the campus and the field environment populations of the red-tailed shrike（P0.01）.The nest height and concealment in the campus were higher than these factors in the field and the vegetation cover of the nest-sites in the campus was obviously lower than it was in the field.Based on the Hierachical Cluster Analysis,the nest-sites of red-tailed shrike could be divided into two distinctive parts（the field and the campus populations）.The red-tailed shrike selected nesting sites between the two environments were not present in quantitative difference of habitat factors,but revealedin covering tactics by different migratory population to adapt to the disturbance of human a activities.

关 键 词：红尾伯劳 巢址选择 校园环境 野外环境 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]