湖南省花垣县50岁以上人群盲与低视力流行病学调查  

Epidemiological Survey of Low Vision and Blindness in the Population Aged 50 Years and Above in Huayuan County,Hunan Province

作　　者：段国平[1] 王运[1] 贺贵云[1] 杨劲松[1] 李昂[1] 李俊杰[1] 刘骁[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人民医院眼科,湖南长沙410002

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2011年第8期1423-1425,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅科研课题(编号:06SK3062-1)

摘　　要：目的调查湖南省花垣县≥50岁人群盲与低视力的患病率及其病因。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的原则,按比例抽取乡镇,然后再按乡镇抽取行政村,根据居民户口薄来确定调查对象;按照WHO制定的盲及低视力标准确定盲与低视力患者;对视力<0.3者,由眼科医师作外眼、角膜、前房、虹膜、晶状体、玻璃体及视网膜等详细检查并判断致病原因。结果检录人数为4 957人,实际受检人数为4 402人,其中男2 043人(占46.41%),女2 359人(占53.59%),总受检率88.80%。双眼低视力患病率3.91%,双眼盲患病率1.48%;单眼低视力患病率4.93%,单眼盲患病率2.25%。致盲的主要眼病依次为白内障(56.91%)、角膜病(10.77%)、玻璃体视网膜病(9.23%)、葡萄膜病(4.62%)、青光眼(4.62%)等。结论花垣县≥50岁人群中盲与低视力仍然是严重的公共卫生问题,以最好矫正视力计算的盲患病率为1.48%。白内障仍然是导致盲和低视力的首位原因。Objective To investigate the morbidities of low vision and blindness and the leading cause in the population aged 50 years and above in Huayuan County,Hunan Province.Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was used in this study.Individuals were chosen by household register books in the administrative villages.Administrative villages were selected according to the relative ratio in the townships which were first selected in proportion.On the basis of WHO standard of low vision and blindness,examinations of external eye,cornea,iris,lens,vitreous and retina were carried out by oculists.A diagnosis of the principal cause for all the eyes with presenting visual acuity less than 0.30 was made as well.Results Totally 4,957 individuals were enumerated,4,402 individuals were examined,including 2,043 men（46.41%） and 2,359 women（53.59%）.The total detection rate was 88.80%.The prevalence of low vision in both eyes was 3.91%,and the prevalence of blindness in both eyes was 1.48%.The prevalence of low vision in single eye was 4.93%,and the prevalence of blindness in single eye was 2.25%,which resulting chiefly from cataract（56.91%）,corneal disease（10.77%）,vitreous retinal disease（9.23%）,uveal disease（4.62%）,and glaucoma（4.62%）.Conclusions Low vision and blindness are still serious public health problems for the citizens aged 50 years and above in Huayuan County.The epidemiological results show that cataract is the main cause of blindness and low vision.

关 键 词：盲 低视力 患病率 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]