审计师变更时机、年报审计意见分歧与审计质量——来自中国证券市场的经验证据  

Timing of Auditor Changes, Divergence of Audit Opinions, and Audit Quality -- Empirical Evidence from the Securities Markets of China

作　　者：田野[1] 陈全[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学会计学院

出　　处：《中国会计与财务研究》2011年第2期45-107,共63页China Accounting and Finance Review

基　　金：本文得到教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目（2009JJD790031）,以及上海市社科规划一般课题（2009BJB020）和上海财经大学研究生创新基金资助项目（CXJJ-2009-339、CXJJ-2010-324）的资助.作者感谢《中国会计与财务研究》执行编辑吴东辉教授和两位匿名审稿人对本文提出的宝贵建议,以及上海财经大学会计学院陈信元教授、朱红军教授、侯青川博士、同济大学曹胜博士对本文的帮助和评论,当然文责自负.

摘　　要：本文从审计师变更时机的角度，全面考察了我国证券市场中的审计师变更问题，以2001至2008年发生审计师变更的A股上市公司为研究对象，从效率观和机会主义动机的角度，分析了影响审计师变更时机选择的因素，以及不同变更时机对审计意见收买、审计师选择和审计定价的影响。通过研究，我们发现：（1）审计师变更时机与变更动机直接相关，出于机会主义动机发生的审计师变更，其变更时间较晚，而出于效率观动机发生的审计师变更，其变更时间较早；（2）在财政年度结束以后变更审计师的公司，发生收买审计意见的可能性显著高于在财政年度结束以前变更审计师的公司；（3）公司越晚变更审计师，选择高质量继任审计师的可能性越低；（4）公司越晚变更审计师，被继任审计师收取的审计费用越高。综合本文发现，审计师变更时机是考察审计师变更事件性质及变更动机的重要视角，审计师变更时机与年报审计意见分歧、审计质量等密切相关，这需要引起证券市场参与各方更大的关注。This paper comprehensively studies the issue of auditor changes in the securities market of China from the perspective of timing. Taking A-share listed companies that changed auditors from 2001 to 2008 as our research sample, we analyse the factors affecting the timing of auditor changes as well as the influence of different timings on audit opinion shopping, auditor choice, and audit pricing from the view of efficiency and opportunistic motives. We discover that （1） the timing of auditor changes is directly related to the motives for switching auditors - the timing will be relatively later when due to opportunistic motives, and earlier when due to motives of efficiency; （2） companies that change auditors after the fiscal year end are significantly more likely to be opinion shopping than those that do so before the fiscal year end; （3） the later a company changes its auditor, the less likely it is to select a new auditor of high quality; and （4） the later a company changes its auditor, the higher the fees the new auditor will charge. From our overall findings, we conclude that the timing of auditor changes is an important perspective from which to observe and study the nature of and the motives for switching auditors, and that it is closely related to the divergence of audit opinion and audit quality, which require more extensive attention from the relevant parties in the Chinese securities market.

关 键 词：审计师变更时机 审计意见收买 审计师选择 审计定价 

分 类 号：F239[经济管理—会计学] F276[经济管理—国民经济]