碳酸酯基阳离子Gemini表面活性剂的相转移催化性能研究  

Study on phase transfer catalysis property of an cationic Gemini surfactant with ester earbonate group

作　　者：何领[1] 潘忠稳[1] 李凯波[1] 刘玉莹[1] 徐冬青[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学化学化工学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2011年第8期1015-1019,共5页Chemical Research and Application

摘　　要：采用二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,N,N-二甲基乙醇胺与碳酸二甲酯酯交换反应制得二(N,N-二甲基胺基乙基)碳酸酯(Ⅰ),产率92%(以碳酸二甲酯计);再与1-溴代十六烷反应得到一种含碳酸酯基阳离子Gemini表面活性剂(Ⅱ),产率68.5%[以(Ⅰ)计],用IR、1HNMR、元素分析表征了其结构。采用(Ⅱ)为固-液相转移催化剂,对无水乙酸钠与对甲基氯苄亲核取代反应的催化性能进行了研究,结果表明:反应速率常数k与(Ⅱ)的浓度Cb符合线性方程K=9.8194×Cb+0.062;当Cb=0.0038mol/L时,反应活化能比空白降低了19KJ/mol,(Ⅱ)对该反应具有催化效果。Bis[（dimethylamino）ethyl]carbonic acid ester（Ⅰ）was prepared by reacting dimethyl carbonate with dimethylaminoethanol in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst with 92%yield（based on dimethyl carbonate）.One kinds of cationic gemini surfactant with ester carbonate（Ⅱ）was synthesized by reacting（Ⅰ）with bromohexadecane with 68.5%yield[based on（Ⅰ）],the structure was confirmed by IR,1HNMR and elemental analysis.The phase transfer catalysis property of（Ⅱ）was studied by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 4-methyl benzyl chloride with sodium acetate.It was founded that the constant reaction rate k and the concentration of catalyst Cb have a linear relationship：k=9.8194 × Cb＋0.062.The reaction activation energy is 19KJ/mol lower than the blank at Cb=0.0038mol/L.Therefore,（Ⅱ）has catalytic effect on the reaction.

关 键 词：碳酸酯基 阳离子双子表面活性剂 相转移催化 

分 类 号：O623.731[理学—有机化学]